Modelling the path to better soil-applied pesticides

许多杀虫剂是在土壤中使用的，包括残留除草剂、土壤杀虫剂和含有杀菌剂和/或杀虫剂的种子处理。它们在水污染方面面临着巨大的监管压力，并因此继续从市场上消失。模拟模型是对照欧盟地下水和地表水保护标准对农药进行监管的主要基础。由于这些模型是一维的，它们不能明确地表示植物或它们的根，或配方和配方放置策略的影响。存在代表系统的各个组件的其他模型是更令人满意的方式。该项目将创建一个概念框架来表示整个土壤-植物系统中的当地农药浓度，并将利用它来产生一个空间上合格的模拟模型，该模型整合了现有的知识。先进的配方和放置策略提供了减少偏离目标运动的前景。新模型将首次使它们的环境效益能够以具有成本效益的方式量化。这提供了在这些技术的监管审批过程中获得信用的前景，抵消了不断演变的监管的负面经济影响。与现有的经验方法相结合，新的模型还将提供对土壤-植物系统中农药效力的定量了解，从而能够合理设计新的有效成分和配方。简而言之，该项目将使土用农药产品的功效和环境保护得到优化，有助于产品发明和支持监管批准。该项目与竞争范围很好地结合在一起。研究结果将有助于在产品设计阶段优化功效和水保护，从而产生更有效的产品，提高作物生产力，减少对环境的影响。该项目还创造了一种展示先进配方技术和产品植入策略的环境效益的方法，并提供了在欧盟农药监管审查过程中因这些而获得赞誉的前景，在欧盟监管审查过程中，农药命运模型受到了极大的重视。大幅减少水污染的配方和安置战略也将自然地纳入监管缓解战略以及实地和分水岭一级的风险管理计划。

Many pesticides are soil applied, including residual herbicides, soil insecticides and seed treatments incorporating fungicides and/or insecticides. They are under intense regulatory pressure with regard to water contamination, and continue to be lost from the market as a result. Simulation models are the primary basis for regulating pesticides against EU ground- and surface-water protection standards. Since these models are one-dimensional, they cannot explicitly represent plants or their roots, or the effects of formulations and formulation placement strategies. Other models exist that represent individual components of the system is a more satisfactory way. This project will create a conceptual framework for representing local pesticide concentrations in the whole soil-plant system, and will use it to produce a spatially-competent simulation model, that integrates existing knowledge. Advanced formulations and placement strategies offer the prospect of reduced off-target movement. The new model will for the first time enable their environmental benefit to be quantified in a cost-effective way. This offers the prospect of being able to gain credit in the regulatory approval process for these technologies, offsetting the negative economic effects of evolving regulation. In combination with existing empirical approaches, the new model will also deliver quantitative understanding of pesticide efficacy in the soil-plant system, enabling the rational design of new active ingredients and formulations. In short, the project will enable efficacy and environmental protection to be optimised for soil-applied pesticidal products, aiding product invention and supporting regulatory approval.This project is well aligned to the competition scope. The results will enable the optimisation of efficacy and water protection at the product design stage, leading to more efficacious products that enhance crop productivity and reduce environmental impact. The project also creates a way to demonstrate the environmental benefit of advanced formulation technology and product placement strategies, and offers the prospect of gaining credit for these in the EU regulatory review process for pesticides, in which great weight is placed on pesticide fate models. Formulations and placement strategies that significantly reduce water contamination would also fit naturally into regulatory mitigation strategies, and risk management schemes at the field and watershed level.