Strategies for Quantifying and Controlling Free Living Nematode Populations and Consequent Damage by Tobacco Rattle Virus to Improve Potato Yield and

量化和控制自由生活的线虫种群以及烟草脆响病毒造成的损害以提高马铃薯产量和产量的策略

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    TS/I001239/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 14.07万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2011 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Free Living Nematodes (FLN) are emerging as a major problem for UK potato growers, exacerbated in the short term by removal of approved nematicides and adherence to stringent legislation within the Water Framework Directive and in the long-term by expected FLN population increases due to climate change. FLN cause direct damage by feeding on potato roots which reduces yield and quality, and indirectly by transmitting Tobacco Rattle Virus (TRV). Relatively low levels of TRV infections can render entire crops unsaleable for the fresh and processing industries. FLN comprise a range of different taxonomic groups that are difficult to distinguish visually but vary significantly in terms of their distribution, pathogenicity and virus transmission frequencies, and have been to date under-studied in the UK. The problem is further compounded by beneficial and pathogenic FLN species co-existing, and thus accurate discrimination is essential. This consortium has the overarching objective to provide the UK potato industry with an integrated novel Integrated Pest Management (IPM) package for FLN and associated TRV crop damage. The outcomes will have immediate utility and thus direct economic benefit by improving management decisions related to choice of potato variety and field to minimise losses caused by direct feeding of specific groups of FLN, and quality losses associated with feeding and TRV infections. It will also improve the productivity of the UK's major potato producers by decreasing wastage caused by damage due to TRV, as well as reducing pesticide usage arising from 91/414/EEC. The scientific research within this project is split across three integrated work packages. We will develop, test, and validate a quantitative molecular diagnostic that will discriminate between Paratrichodorus and Trichodorus nematodes, the vectors of TRV, at the generic level as well as validate using field-based samples as a comparator using a unique molecular diagnostic for TRV that can distinguish between two common isolates TRV-PpK20 and TRV-Tp01. A novel molecular diagnostic for Pratylenchus penetrans, a semi-endoparasitic nematode species, increasingly associated with damage to potato crops will be developed, tested and validated. Crucial to sustainable potato production is the understanding of the damage thresholds for these nematode groups. Field trials will be conducted at 6 sites across the UK to assess these damage thresholds, and trials at 4 sites will be conducted to evaluate the resistance and tolerance of 20 potato varieties (6 crisping, 6 processing, 6 fresh and 2 other control varieties) to nematode damage. Potential alternative treatments to conventional nematicides, including mustard 'biofumigant' crops, a nematode resistant oil radish variety, a TRV-resistant oil radish variety, application of shellfish waste as a soil amendment as a biofumigant, novel nematicides derived from mustard and chilli, terpenes, plant defence elicitors (harpin), and a standard nematicide will be trialled at 2 sites. Ultimately, the primary goal of the project is to identify molecular markers for TRV resistance. The project will utilise molecular markers systems including DArT, SNP and AFLP. Initially 'bulks' of resistant and susceptible genotypes within two target populations will be analysed. The screening of these two diverse populations of genotypes (parental material and genotypes within derived populations) will almost certainly identify variation for the target TRV resistance traits. Preliminary results from a pilot study gave strong indications of significant heritable factors for resistance and for spraing susceptibility. This will lead directly to development of 'breeder friendly' molecular markers that can be tested on larger numbers of plants. The success in delivering such molecular markers for TRV resistance, which would cascade downstream into future potato breeding programs, is key for the overall success of the project.
自由生活线虫(FLN)正在成为英国马铃薯种植者的一个主要问题,在短期内由于去除批准的杀线虫剂和遵守水框架指令内的严格立法而加剧,长期来看由于气候变化而预期FLN人口增加。FLN通过取食马铃薯根部造成直接危害,从而降低产量和品质,并通过传播烟草摇铃病毒(TRV)间接造成危害。相对较低水平的TRV感染可使整个作物无法用于新鲜和加工行业。FLN包括一系列不同的分类群,这些分类群很难在视觉上区分,但在分布、致病性和病毒传播频率方面差异很大,迄今为止在英国尚未得到充分研究。有益和致病FLN物种共存使问题进一步复杂化,因此准确区分至关重要。该联盟的首要目标是为英国马铃薯产业提供一种针对FLN和相关TRV作物损害的综合新型虫害综合管理(IPM)包。这些结果将具有直接的效用,从而通过改善与马铃薯品种和田地的选择相关的管理决策来直接获得经济效益,以最大限度地减少由FLN的特定群体的直接喂养造成的损失,以及与喂养和TRV感染相关的质量损失。它还将通过减少TRV造成的损失以及减少91/414/EEC引起的农药使用,提高英国主要马铃薯生产商的生产力。该项目中的科学研究分为三个综合工作包。我们将开发、测试和验证一种定量分子诊断方法,该方法将在属级水平上区分TRV的载体Paratrichodorus和Trichodorus线虫,并使用TRV的独特分子诊断方法作为比较物使用田间样品进行验证,该方法可以区分两种常见的分离株TRV-PpK 20和TRV-Tp 01。一种新的分子诊断的Pratylenchus palletrans,半内寄生线虫物种,越来越多地与损害马铃薯作物将开发,测试和验证。对马铃薯可持续生产至关重要的是了解这些线虫群体的损害阈值。将在英国6个地点进行田间试验,以评估这些损害阈值,并将在4个地点进行试验,以评估20个马铃薯品种(6个脆马铃薯品种、6个加工马铃薯品种、6个新鲜马铃薯品种和2个其他对照品种)对线虫损害的抗性和耐受性。常规杀线虫剂的潜在替代处理,包括芥菜“生物熏蒸剂”作物、抗线虫油萝卜品种、抗TRV油萝卜品种、贝类废物作为土壤改良剂作为生物熏蒸剂的应用、源自芥菜和辣椒的新型杀线虫剂、萜烯、植物防御诱导剂(harpin)和标准杀线虫剂,将在2个地点进行试验。最终,该项目的主要目标是确定TRV抗性的分子标记。该项目将利用分子标记系统,包括DArT,SNP和AFLP。最初将分析两个目标人群中的耐药和易感基因型的“批量”。这两个不同的基因型群体(亲本材料和衍生群体内的基因型)的筛选几乎肯定会鉴定目标TRV抗性性状的变异。初步研究结果表明,抗性和喷雾敏感性存在显著的遗传因素。这将直接导致“育种友好”分子标记的发展,可以在更大数量的植物上进行测试。成功地提供这种TRV抗性的分子标记,这将级联下游到未来的马铃薯育种计划,是该项目整体成功的关键。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(8)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Field Trials Work Package 2
现场试验工作包 2
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2017
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Evans A
  • 通讯作者:
    Evans A
1st Interim Report - Strategies for Quantifying and Controlling Free Living Nematode Populations and Consequent Damage by Tobacco Rattle Virus to Improve Potato Yield and Quality
第一份中期报告 - 量化和控制自由生活线虫种群以及烟草脆响病毒造成的损害以提高马铃薯产量和质量的策略
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2012
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Daniels S
  • 通讯作者:
    Daniels S
IDENTIFYING FREE LIVING NEMATODE POPULATIONS
鉴定自由生活的线虫种群
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2012
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Roberts D
  • 通讯作者:
    Roberts D
FREE LIVING NEMATODES- RISKS FOR POTATOES
自由生存的线虫——对马铃薯的威胁
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2017
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Agriculture;Horticulture Development Board
  • 通讯作者:
    Horticulture Development Board
Nematode Diagnostics Work Package 1
线虫诊断工作包 1
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2017
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Roberts, D
  • 通讯作者:
    Roberts, D
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Kenneth Evans其他文献

ORIGINAL RESEARCH—WOMEN's SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS: The Sexual Interest and Desire Inventory—Female (SIDI‐F): Item Response Analyses of Data from Women Diagnosed with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
  • DOI:
    10.1111/j.1743-6109.2005.00146.x
  • 发表时间:
    2005-11-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Terrence Sills;Glen Wunderlich;Robert Pyke;R. Taylor Segraves;Sandra Leiblum;Anita Clayton;Dan Cotton;Kenneth Evans
  • 通讯作者:
    Kenneth Evans
Computer Programs for Qualitative Data Analysis—A Software Sourcebook
用于定性数据分析的计算机程序——软件资料手册
Development of a radiopharmaceutical activity schedule for technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid in children based on image quality criteria
Increased plasma EPO and MIP-1α are associated with recruitment of vascular progenitors but not CD34(+) cells in autologous peripheral blood stem cell grafts
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.exphem.2009.02.010
  • 发表时间:
    2009-06-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Laura Labonté;Yuhua Li;Lin Yang;Akira Gillingham;Michael Halpenny;Antonio Giulivi;Terrence Sills;Kenneth Evans;Brent Zanke;David S. Allan
  • 通讯作者:
    David S. Allan
Closing is more than a list of tactics: how to build rapport while facilitating a commercial exchange
结束不仅仅是一系列策略:如何在促进商业交流的同时建立融洽的关系

Kenneth Evans的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Kenneth Evans', 18)}}的其他基金

A Novel Manufacturing Process for the Extrusion of Helical Auxetic Yarns
螺旋拉胀纱挤出的新型制造工艺
  • 批准号:
    EP/J004553/1
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.07万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Auxetic Textiles for Blast Mitigation
用于缓解爆炸的拉胀纺织品
  • 批准号:
    EP/F048394/1
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.07万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Auxetic Blast Protection Textiles -Crime Feasibility Study
拉胀防爆纺织品 - 犯罪可行性研究
  • 批准号:
    EP/D036690/1
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.07万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Fy 81 Science Faculty Professional Development Program
81 财年理学院专业发展计划
  • 批准号:
    8165008
  • 财政年份:
    1981
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.07万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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Controlling and quantifying two-level systems, disorder and ideality in vapor deposited amorphous thin films
控制和量化气相沉积非晶薄膜中的两级系统、无序性和理想性
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  • 批准号:
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Strategies for Quantifying and Controlling Free Living Nematode Populations and Consequent Damage by Tobacco Rattle Virus to Improve Potato Yield and Quality
量化和控制自由生活线虫种群以及烟草脆响病毒造成的损害以提高马铃薯产量和质量的策略
  • 批准号:
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Climate proxy optimization - quantifying factors controlling growth, geochemistry and micro/nanostructural design of bivalve mollusk shells
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CAREER: Quantifying and Controlling Error and Uncertainty in Computational Inverse Problems
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