Broadening and improving the Turnip yellows virus resistance base in oilseed rape (BITYR)

扩大和改善油菜芜菁黄化病毒抗性基础（BITYR）

• 批准号: 1644951
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Warwick
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1644951
• 关键词: Broadening; improving; Turnip; yellows; virus

Turnip yellows virus (TuYV, formerly known as Beet western yellows virus) is a very important pathogen affecting oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus) crops in the UK and Europe. Of the viruses infecting OSR, it is the most common and the most damaging. Estimates of yield reductions from TuYV infection of OSR in the UK alone are upto 30%, resulting in losses of £67-180 million/annum.OSR is the 3rd most widely grown field crop in the UK and crucial to UK food production as a break crop between wheat crops it has also been one of the most profitable arable crops for farmers in recent years. TuYV is transmitted by the very common peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae. Once aphids acquire the virus they transmit it for life. The earlier plants are infected by TuYV, the greater the yield loss. The only way to prevent early TuYV infection has been the neonicotinoid seed treatments applied to most OSR seeds in the past. The active ingredients of these seed treatments have now been banned by the EU because of alleged effects on bees. There is an urgent need to develop new ways of controlling TuYV to protect yields and reduce losses. The best approach is to develop OSR varieties with natural resistance to the virus. The pant breeding company Limagrain have developed and are selling an OSR variety called Amalie with partial resistance to TuYV. Amalie is susceptible to TuYV, but the amount of virus accumulating in plants is reduced and yield losses ameliorated relative to other OSR varieties. University of Warwick (UoW) identified another OSR source of partial resistance to TuYV with reduced virus accumulation and reduced yield loss. They have also identified a number of more extreme sources of resistance in the close relatives of OSR, Brassica oleracea (cabbage, cauliflower etc.) and Brassica rapa (turnips etc.). UoW have also been investigating the diversity of TuYV and have a collection of virus isolates representing different genetic groups.These discoveries provide the opportunity for synergy between Limagrain and the University of Warwick by collaborating to:- combine OSR resistances to improve virus control and yields- broaden the TuYV resistance base in order to reduce the risk of break down of the resistance sources- begin to exploit the more extreme sources of resistance from OSR relatives

芜菁黄化病毒(TuYV，原名甜菜西部黄化病毒)是影响英国和欧洲油菜(OSR，Brassica napus)作物的一种重要病原。在感染OSR的病毒中，它是最常见和最具破坏性的。据估计，仅在英国，OSR感染TuYV导致的减产就高达30%，导致损失67-1.8亿GB/a。OSR是英国种植面积第三大的大田作物，作为小麦作物之间的间歇性作物，对英国的粮食生产至关重要。它也是近年来农民最有利可图的可耕种作物之一。土豆花叶病毒是由非常常见的桃-土豆蚜虫传播的。一旦蚜虫感染了这种病毒，它们就会将其终身传播。植株感染TuYV的时间越早，产量损失越大。过去，预防早期TuYV感染的唯一方法是对大多数OSR种子应用新烟碱类种子处理。这些种子处理剂的活性成分现在已被欧盟禁止，因为据称对蜜蜂有影响。迫切需要开发控制TuYV的新方法，以保护产量和减少损失。最好的方法是培育对该病毒具有天然抵抗力的OSR品种。裤子育种公司LImagrain已经开发并销售了一种名为Amalie的OSR品种，该品种对TuYV具有部分抗性。Amalie对TuYV敏感，但与其他OSR品种相比，在植株中积累的病毒数量减少，产量损失减少。华威大学(UOW)发现了另一个对TuYV具有部分抗性的OSR来源，该来源减少了病毒积累和产量损失。他们还在OSR的近亲甘蓝(卷心菜、花椰菜等)中发现了一些更极端的抗性来源。和白菜(萝卜等)。UOW也一直在研究TuYV的多样性，并收集了代表不同基因组的病毒分离株。这些发现通过合作为LImagrain和华威大学之间的协同提供了机会：-结合OSR抗性来改善病毒控制和产量-扩大TuYV抗性基础以降低抗源崩溃的风险-开始开发OSR亲属更极端的抗源

项目成果

Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Resistance to Turnip Yellows Virus in Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea and Introgression of These Resistances by Resynthesis Into Allotetraploid Plants for Deployment in Brassica napus.

• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.781385
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Frontiers in plant science
• 影响因子: 5.6
• 作者: Greer SF;Hackenberg D;Gegas V;Mitrousia G;Edwards D;Batley J;Teakle GR;Barker GC;Walsh JA
• 通讯作者: Walsh JA

First report of Turnip yellows virus in Brazil

巴西首次报告芜菁黄化病毒

• DOI: 10.1002/ndr2.12045
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: New Disease Reports
• 作者: Greer S