Visual psychophysics of human face processing

描述(由申请人提供)：已在研究中假设 设想有不同的子系统或模块。在视觉领域 物体识别这一点在问题中最为明显--是人脸 特别的？这可以分为两个研究问题。(1) 人脸的加工按照相同或不同的计算方式进行 作为处理其他对象的原则？(2)是否有单独的 视觉系统中用于处理面部图像的解剖区域， 有别于视觉对象的处理？要解决这些基本问题 问题，我们转向已经证明了自己的视觉心理物理学，两者都是 一种隔离功能子系统的方法，以及将这些系统链接到 潜在的神经基质。我们依靠两个新的程序来评估 整体加工：空间总和和范畴知觉(CP)噪声。 我们将使用心理物理程序来调查范围和范围 在身份识别和面部表情识别中的整体处理。我们 将考察在一系列刺激条件下的整体处理，以更好地 确定其特征，这包括变化的空间频率和 使面部图像碎片化。我们还将确定是否全面 加工存在于高度实践的从属识别任务中。我们 还将描述使用功能磁共振成像和 依靠面部反转效果的变体来更清楚地识别这些 大脑中参与脸部特定过程的部分。我们问 这些区域是否与推定的人脸和对象区域重合。我们会 还可以使用事件相关功能磁共振成像来查看检测和 识别人脸和物体区域的特定过程。我们还将研究 人脸检测，开发了一种整体处理的措施，从而使 整体加工在识别和检测中的比较。我们会的 寻找人脸检测和识别过程的分离 面容失认症患者和面部皮质下成分的证据 失明患者的检测。

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): It has been assumed in the study of vision that there are distinct sub-systems or modules. In the field of visual object recognition this is most clearly evident in the question--Are faces special? This can be divided into two research questions. (1) Does the processing of faces operate according to the same or different computational principles as the processing of other objects? (2) are there a separate anatomical regions in the visual system for the processing of facial images, distinct from the processing of visual objects? To address these fundamental issues, we turn to visual psychophysics which has proven itself, both as a method to isolate functional subsystems and as a way to link such systems to underlying neural substrates. We rely on two new procedures to evaluate holistic processing: spatial summation and categorical perception (CP) noise. We will use psychophysical procedures to investigate the range and scope of holistic processing in the recognition personal identity and facial emotion. We will examine holistic processing under a range of stimulus conditions to better determine its characteristics, this includes varying spatial frequency and fragmenting the facial image. We will also determine whether holistic processing is present in highly practiced subordinate recognition tasks. We will also delineate the functional anatomy of face processing using fMRI and relying on variants of the face inversion effect to more clearly identify those parts of the brain that are participating in face-specific processes. We ask whether these areas will coincide with putative face and object areas. We will also use event related fMRI to see the co-localization of detection and recognition specific processes with face and object areas. We will also study face detection, developing a measure of holistic processing, thus enabling a comparison of holistic processing in both recognition and detection. WE will look for a dissociation of face detection and recognition processes in prosopagnosic patients and evidence for a subcortical component of face detection in blindsight patients.