权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Epidemiological study of FMDV in East Africa: the development on unbiased molecular tools to assess the burden of infection in endemic settings

东非口蹄疫流行病学研究：开发公正的分子工具来评估流行环境中的感染负担

基本信息

批准号：
1646343
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Glasgow
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1646343
关键词：
Epidemiological study FMDV East Africa

项目摘要

Sustainable food production for the growing world population is a key challenge faced by the agricultural sector. Crucial factors are the control of diseases compromising animal productivity, and the improvement of animal health as a basis for safe, efficient, and high-quality production. Accurate surveillance and diagnosis are essential components of disease control programmes aimed at improving animal health and productivity. Molecular techniques offer great promise for enhancing diagnostic capacity. However, their application in developing countries, where animal diseases have the greatest impacts on food security, is still limited, primarily due to the need for technologies which are incompatible with current infrastructure in these countries. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) exemplifies these issues. FMD is a livestock disease of great economic importance, caused by a highly contagious virus (FMDV). The disease circulates in 77% of the global livestock population, costing 5 billion USD in production losses and control measures. Direct financial impacts are greatest in Africa with an estimated loss of 815 million USD. Tanzania has the third largest livestock population in Africa, but trading opportunities are poor due to the presence of four of the six known African virus types. In systems where livestock are key to livelihoods, FMD impacts on milk production and animal traction capacity are also considerable, increasing vulnerability of already impoverished communities. FMD control through vaccination has great potential to reduce the burden of FMD in Africa. However, the lack of real time molecular data on FMDV impacts the ability of countries such as Tanzania to control FMD through vaccination since the efficacy of the vaccine response is wholly dependent on matching the vaccine strain with strains circulating in the field. Without this knowledge only mass vaccination can be employed which is prohibitively expensive. If it was possible to characterise locally circulating strains responsible for outbreaks as they occur this would permit targeted vaccination, increasing affordability of vaccination as an option. The progressive control pathway (PCP) for FMD developed by FAO/OIE outlines six fundamental steps to guide countries through FMD control and eradication. The first step is the identification of risk and control options. Current laboratory infrastructure in East Africa lacks the necessary equipment and expertise to perform FMDV detection and characterisation.This has constrained the creation of an FMD reference laboratory in East Africa, preventing countries such as Tanzania from independently entering into stage one of the PCP. The only comprehensive study on FMD viruses in Tanzania is based on archival (1967-2009) samples. Hence, gaps still exist in our understanding of currently circulating viruses, highlighting the urgent need for analyses of recent viruses from the area.The major stumbling block preventing Tanzania from undertaking high quality surveillance is the absence of suitable diagnostic technologies. If such assays could be developed and adapted for use on affordable automated platforms this would serve as a prerequisite for the improvement in diagnostic capacity and quality of laboratory testing in East Africa. This application addresses the BBSRC's remit to increase the efficiency and sustainability of animal production by generating knowledge and delivering tools which willenable regions such as East Africa to manage the challenges they face with diseases such as FMD that compromise market opportunities, as well as food security. Focusing on northern Tanzania, we will i) provide a better understanding of circulating viruses that will directly inform vaccine selection and ii) develop reagents, protocols and platforms to enable newly established molecular assays to be transferred onto automated platforms suitable for deployment to laboratories in Tanzania.

为不断增长的世界人口提供可持续粮食生产是农业部门面临的主要挑战。关键因素是控制影响动物生产力的疾病，并改善动物健康，作为安全、高效和高质量生产的基础。准确的监测和诊断是旨在改善动物健康和生产力的疾病控制计划的重要组成部分。分子技术为提高诊断能力提供了巨大的希望。然而，它们在动物疾病对粮食安全影响最大的发展中国家的应用仍然有限，主要是因为需要与这些国家现有基础设施不兼容的技术。口蹄疫（FMD）就是这些问题的例证。口蹄疫是一种具有重大经济意义的牲畜疾病，由高度传染性病毒 (FMDV) 引起。该疾病在全球 77% 的牲畜种群中传播，造成生产损失和控制措施损失 50 亿美元。非洲的直接财务影响最大，估计损失达 8.15 亿美元。坦桑尼亚拥有非洲第三大牲畜存栏量，但由于存在六种已知非洲病毒中的四种，因此贸易机会很少。在畜牧业对生计至关重要的系统中，口蹄疫对牛奶生产和牲畜牵引能力的影响也相当大，增加了本已贫困社区的脆弱性。通过疫苗接种控制口蹄疫对于减轻非洲口蹄疫负担具有巨大潜力。然而，缺乏口蹄疫实时分子数据影响了坦桑尼亚等国家通过疫苗接种控制口蹄疫的能力，因为疫苗反应的有效性完全取决于疫苗株与现场流行株的匹配。如果没有这些知识，就只能进行大规模疫苗接种，而这种疫苗接种的费用却高得令人望而却步。如果能够在爆发时确定当地流行的菌株特征，那么就可以进行有针对性的疫苗接种，从而提高疫苗接种的可负担性。粮农组织/世界动物卫生组织制定的口蹄疫渐进控制路径（PCP）概述了指导各国控制和根除口蹄疫的六个基本步骤。第一步是识别风险和控制选项。目前东非的实验室基础设施缺乏进行口蹄疫检测和表征所需的设备和专业知识。这限制了东非口蹄疫参考实验室的创建，阻碍了坦桑尼亚等国家独立进入PCP第一阶段。坦桑尼亚唯一一项关于口蹄疫病毒的综合研究是基于档案（1967-2009）样本。因此，我们对当前正在传播的病毒的了解仍然存在差距，这凸显了对该地区最新病毒进行分析的迫切需要。阻碍坦桑尼亚进行高质量监测的主要障碍是缺乏合适的诊断技术。如果能够开发出此类检测方法并使其适用于负担得起的自动化平台，这将成为提高东非实验室检测诊断能力和质量的先决条件。该应用程序解决了 BBSRC 的职责，即通过生成知识和提供工具来提高动物生产的效率和可持续性，使东非等地区能够应对口蹄疫等疾病所面临的挑战，这些疾病会损害市场机会和粮食安全。以坦桑尼亚北部为重点，我们将i）更好地了解正在传播的病毒，这将直接为疫苗选择提供信息；ii）开发试剂、方案和平台，使新建立的分子测定能够转移到适合部署到坦桑尼亚实验室的自动化平台上。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

MOESM1 of Knowledge and risk factors for foot-and-mouth disease among small-scale dairy farmers in an endemic setting

MOESM1 流行环境下小规模奶农的口蹄疫知识和危险因素

DOI：
10.6084/m9.figshare.8129573
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Dickson Nyaguthii
通讯作者：
Dickson Nyaguthii

MOESM2 of Knowledge and risk factors for foot-and-mouth disease among small-scale dairy farmers in an endemic setting

MOESM2 流行环境下小规模奶农的口蹄疫知识和危险因素

DOI：
10.6084/m9.figshare.8129582
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Dickson Nyaguthii
通讯作者：
Dickson Nyaguthii

Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus in milk samples by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction: Optimisation and evaluation of a high-throughput screening method with potential for disease surveillance.

通过实时逆转录聚合酶链反应来检测牛奶样品中的口和疾病病毒：优化和评估具有疾病监测潜力的高通量筛查方法。

DOI：
10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.07.024
发表时间：
2018-09
期刊：
Veterinary microbiology
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Armson B;Mioulet V;Doel C;Madi M;Parida S;Lemire KA;Holder DJ;Das A;McIntosh MT;King DP
通讯作者：
King DP

Rapid and simple detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus: Evaluation of a cartridge-based molecular detection system for use in basic laboratories.

DOI：
10.1111/tbed.12744
发表时间：
2018-04
期刊：
Transboundary and emerging diseases
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Goller KV;Dill V;Madi M;Martin P;Van der Stede Y;Vandenberge V;Haas B;Van Borm S;Koenen F;Kasanga CJ;Ndusilo N;Beer M;Liu L;Mioulet V;Armson B;King DP;Fowler VL
通讯作者：
Fowler VL

Utilizing milk from pooling facilities as a novel approach for foot-and-mouth disease surveillance