FAMILY STRUCTURE, NEIGHBORHOODS AND CHILD WELL BEING

家庭结构、社区和儿童福祉

• 批准号: 6387792
• 负责人: Kyle D Crowder
• 金额: $ 7.22万
• 依托单位: WESTERN WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2003-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6387792
• 关键词: academic achievement; adolescence (12-20); age at pregnancy; behavioral /social science research tag; community; early experience; family structure /dynamics; human data; quality of life; racial /ethnic difference; residential mobility

Strong research has documented strong effects of childhood living arrangements on a variety of social, economic, and demographic risk factors for children and adolescents. However, this research provides limited information about the mechanisms through which these effects operate. Paralleling this research, but developing separately, is a growing body of research documenting the impacts of neighborhood social and economic conditions on the same adolescent outcomes. Yet despite the fact that childhood living arrangements, and changes therein, are important determinants of residential mobility and location, the joint impact of these factors has yet to be fully explored. The proposed project offers a reexamination of these dynamics, focusing on the joint effects of childhood living arrangements, residential mobility, and neighborhood context on the risk of two adolescent outcomes closely linked to family formation and economic stability later in life: premarital childbearing and dropping out of high school. The research is designed to address four main questions: 1) To what extent do childhood living arrangements and neighborhood context exert independent effects on the likelihood of dropping out of high school and of experiencing a premarital birth?; 2) Do residential mobility and neighborhood characteristics moderate the effects of childhood living arrangements?; 3) Do neighborhood characteristics and residential mobility mediate the effects of childhood living arrangements?; and 4) To what extent can racial differences in the effects of childhood living arrangements be explained by racial differences in residential outcomes following a change in family composition? To address these questions, the project will utilize data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics linked with census data describing the socioeconomic and demographic conditions of census tracts and other geographic units. Logistic regression techniques and discrete-time event history analysis will be used to examine the annual risk of experiencing a premarital childbirth, the annual hazard of dropping out of high school, and the likelihood of completing high school prior to age 20. In predicting these outcomes, childhood living arrangements, mobility, and neighborhood conditions are treated as time-varying covariates during adolescence and are also summarized across all childhood years, thereby avoiding the potential bias introduced to previous research by the use of measures taken from a single point in time.

强有力的研究已经证明了童年生活安排对儿童和青少年的各种社会，经济和人口风险因素的强烈影响。 然而，这项研究提供了有限的信息，通过这些影响的运作机制。 这项研究的核心是，越来越多的研究记录了邻里社会和经济条件对相同青少年结果的影响，但这些研究是分开发展的。 然而，尽管事实上，童年的生活安排，其中的变化，是重要的决定因素的住宅流动性和位置，这些因素的联合影响尚未得到充分探讨。 拟议的项目提供了一个重新审视这些动态，集中在童年生活安排，住宅流动性和邻里环境的风险的两个青少年的结果密切相关的家庭形成和经济稳定的风险的联合影响，在以后的生活：婚前生育和高中辍学。 本研究旨在解决四个主要问题：1）童年生活安排和邻里环境在多大程度上对高中辍学和经历婚前生育的可能性产生独立影响？2)居住地的流动性和邻里特征对儿童居住安排的影响有调节作用吗？3)邻里特征和居住流动性对儿童居住安排的影响有中介作用吗？以及4）在多大程度上可以通过家庭组成变化后居住结果的种族差异来解释童年生活安排影响的种族差异？为了解决这些问题，该项目将利用收入动态小组研究的数据，这些数据与描述普查区和其他地理单元的社会经济和人口状况的普查数据相联系。 逻辑回归技术和离散时间事件历史分析将用于检查每年经历婚前分娩的风险，每年高中辍学的风险，以及在20岁之前完成高中学业的可能性。 在预测这些结果时，童年的生活安排、流动性和邻里条件被视为青春期随时间变化的协变量，并在所有童年时期进行总结，从而避免了使用从单一时间点采取的措施引入到以前的研究中的潜在偏差。