Improving Understanding and Parameterisation of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (MABL) in Near Coastal Regions

英国在海上风电场的安装方面处于世界领先地位。然而，与陆上相比，我们对海上风况的了解有限，主要是由于缺乏海上测量。海上风力涡轮机的性能和寿命在很大程度上取决于机器运行的风力条件。这项研究的目的是提供一个更好的了解海洋大气边界层（MABL）在近海地区，海上风电场经常建设。目前对大气边界层（ABL）的认识主要来自平坦均匀地形的陆基观测。这些观察导致了相似关系的发展，如莫宁和奥布霍夫（MO）。越来越明显的是，MO相似性缩放可能不适合近海应用，特别是在陆/海流动和显著热分层时期的非均匀情况下。更好地理解MABL的关键是详细的气象测量。这种测量是稀缺的，虽然一些海上桅杆和固定/浮动激光雷达设备已开始部署的海上风力发电行业。这些装置的数据通常具有商业敏感性，难以获取。海上可再生能源弹射器最近在距离诺森伯兰郡布莱斯附近海岸6公里处安装了纳雷克海上风速测量中心（NOAH）气象桅杆。这提供了多个高度的气象测量高达104米以上的海面。该桅杆为研究和商业测试提供风资源和环境数据。此外，沿海激光雷达提供高达170米的剖面，适合研究陆地/海洋过渡。研究生将使用这些数据来研究当地的MABL。学生将把联合收割机统计数据分析与数值模拟方法结合起来，其中包括中尺度和计算流体动力学代码，以更好地理解MABL，并开发更适合于近海岸区域（<100公里）的新的比例关系。该项目有可能在更好地了解海上风电场的运行环境方面产生真实的影响。学生将在可再生能源系统技术中心（CREST）工作。该奖学金是科学与工程合作奖（CASE），与布莱斯的海上可再生能源弹射器一起。

The UK leads the world in terms of the installation of offshore wind farms. However, our understanding of the wind conditions offshore is limited compared with onshore, mainly due to the lack of offshore measurements. The performance and longevity of offshore wind turbines very much depends on the wind conditions in which the machines operate. This research aims to provide a better understanding of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) in near coastal regions where offshore wind farms are frequently constructed. Present understanding of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) comes primarily from land based observations in flat homogeneous terrain. These observations have led to the development of similarity relationships such as that by Monin and Obukhov (MO). It is becoming apparent that MO similarity scaling may not be appropriate for offshore applications, particularly in non-homogeneous situations with land/sea flows and periods of significant thermal stratification. Key to a better understanding of the MABL are detailed meteorological measurements. Such measurements are scarce, though a number of offshore masts and fixed/floating LiDAR devices have started to be deployed by the offshore wind power industry. Data from such installations are generally commercially sensitive and difficult to access. The Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult recently installed the Narec Offshore Anemometry Hub (NOAH) meteorological mast 6km from the coast near Blyth, Northumberland. This provides meteorological measurements at multiple heights up to 104m above the sea surface. This mast provides wind resource and environmental data for research and commercial testing. In addition, a coastal LiDAR provides profiles up to 170m, appropriate for studying the land/sea transition. The research student will use the data to study the local MABL. This will be supplemented by additional remote sensing data, e.g. satellite as well as operational forecast and reanalysis datasets.The student will combine statistical data analysis with numerical modelling approaches which will include mesoscale and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes to provide a better understanding of the MABL and to develop new scaling relationships more appropriate for the near coastal region (<100km). This project has the potential to make a real impact in terms of a better understanding of the operating environment for offshore wind farms.The student will work within the Centre for Renewable Energy Systems Technology (CREST). The studentship is a Cooperative Award in Science and Engineering (CASE) in conjunction with the Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult at Blyth.