MICROBIAL TOXICITY OF ATRAZINE--DETOXIFICATION BY PHOTOLYSIS IN AQUATIC SYSTEMS

阿特拉津是均三嗪家族的主要除草剂， 在过去的30年里在北美广泛使用。 根据 美国环保署认为阿特拉津可能是人类致癌物。 美国农业部发现 阿特拉津在50%的微生物检测中具有致突变性。 光解 微生物降解可能是重要的降解过程 影响水生环境中的阿特拉津。 然而，形成 诱变剂的芳香族污染物的光解可能发生在 含有农业养分的水生环境， 硝酸盐 待检验的假设是，太阳- 可以通过光解和微生物降解来解毒 地表水生系统中的阿特拉津。 这种方法的一般方法 该项目是使用微生物生物测定结合化学 鉴定和分析程序，以确定 阿特拉津及其光产物对表层水生生物的影响 系统. 生态毒性试验将通过以下试验进行： 微生物活动和生物量。 条件有利于完成和 阿特拉津的快速去除将被利用，因此经济 将开发补救技术，以尽量减少 测试污染物对人体健康的影响。 具体目标是：（1） 测定阿特拉津及其光致产物在 自然水生环境中的微生物生物测定;（2） 确定季节/温度，pH值，选择 敏化剂、硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐浓度、 铁/亚铁盐和腐殖物质的持久性和 试验化合物的毒理学性质;（3）开发 经济的补救技术，以减少环境 装载阿特拉津及其照片产品。 远景目标 （1）建立生态系统健康评价数据库 并提供更准确的方法，以尽量减少 测试化合物对人类健康的影响;（2）提高 卓越的研究水平和学术表现的标准 杰克逊州立大学在生物医学和环境领域 （3）进一步加强合作研究 JSU和美国陆军工程兵部队水路实验 在密西西比的维克斯堡车站。

Atrazine is a major herbicide of the s-triazine family which has been extensively used in North America over the last 30 years. According to the U.S. EPA, atrazine is a possible human carcinogen. USDA found atrazine mutagenic in 50% of microbial assays reviewed. Photolysis and microbial degradation may be important degradative processes affecting atrazine in aquatic environments. However, formation of mutagens by photolysis of aromatic pollutants is likely to occur in aquatic environments containing agricultural nutrients such as nitrate. The hypothesis to be tested is that a combination of sun- lit photolysis and microbial degradation can be developed to detoxify atrazine in surface aquatic systems. The general approach of this project is to use microbial bioassays in conjunction with chemical identification and analysis procedures to determine the fates and effects of atrazine and its photo products in surface aquatic systems. Testing of the ecotoxicity will be conducted with assays of microbial activities and biomass. Conditions favoring complete and fast removal of atrazine will be exploited, hence economical remediation technologies will be developed to minimize the impact of the test pollutant on human health. The specific aims are: (1) To determine the ecotoxicity of atrazine and its photo products in natural aquatic environments with microbial bioassays; (2) To determine the effect of seasons/temperature, pH, selected sensitizers, concentration of nitrate/nitrite, concentrations of ferric/ferrous salts, and humic substances of the persistence and toxicological properties of the test compounds; (3) To develop economical remediation technologies to reduce the environmental loading of atrazine and its photo products. The long-term objectives are: (1) To produce the data base of the ecosystem health assessment of atrazine and to provide more accurate methods to minimize the impact of the test compounds on human health; (2) to enhance the level of research excellence and standards of academic performance of Jackson State University in the areas of biomedical and environmental sciences; (3) to further strengthen collaborative research efforts between JSU and US Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station at Vicksburg, Mississippi.