TWIN-FAMILY STUDY OF DRUG USE, ABUSE, AND DEPENDENCE

描述：(申请人摘要) 遗传因素和环境因素在病因中都起着重要作用。 精神活性物质使用障碍(PSUD)。然而，我们所知道的 这些风险因素的相对重要性以及它们在 美国人口仍然有限。 我们提出了一项全面的，三相双胞胎和双胞胎家庭的研究 基于出生证明的弗吉尼亚州双胞胎登记处(VTR)，重点是5 滥用物质：尼古丁、咖啡因、大麻、可卡因和兴奋剂： 第一阶段将包括对在PSUD上由NIDA支持收集的数据进行分析 在3300名未经挑选的女性-女性、男性-男性和 录像机中的男性和女性成年双胞胎，目的是量化 遗传的、特定于个人的环境和 家庭环境因素在物质使用、滥用和吸毒的病因中的作用 依赖性，并澄清这些风险因素的相似程度 对于不同的物质，对男人和女人。 在第二阶段，我们将完成新的访谈，重点是PSUD及其风险 因素，男女双胞胎的所有合作成员都来自于此 样本(n=2,760)及其父母(n=2,000)，测量双胞胎PSUD 场合，利用生活史日历，评估关键风险因素 来自多个告密者的域名以及获取学校和犯罪记录 所有告密者的信息。 在第三阶段，我们将使用完整的数据检查一系列问题 一对双胞胎和双胞胎的父母。要执行的分析包括：i) 重新评估遗传和环境风险因素在实质上的作用 使用、PSUD和各种形式的PSUD，使用来自多个场合的数据 和告密者，II)探索单变量和多变量的范围 双胞胎模型阐明跨代遗传的机制 漏洞对PSUD的传播，III)使用多变量双胞胎 用于阐明协变的遗传和环境来源的建模 物质使用与PSUD和精神疾病、酗酒和 一系列可能的危险因素，包括气质、童年行为 调节失调与青少年同龄人群体偏差，iv)决定其性质 遗传和环境风险因素之间的相互作用 物质使用和PSUD和v)发展统计严谨， PSUD的综合病因学模型。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) Both genetic and environmental factors play important roles in the etiology of psychoactive substance use disorders (PSUD). However, our knowledge of the relative importance of these risk factors and how they interrelate in the US population remains limited. We propose a comprehensive, 3-phase twin and twin-family study in the birth-certificate based Virginia Twin Registry (VTR) focusing on 5 substances of abuse: nicotine, caffeine, cannabis, cocaine and stimulants: Phase 1 will consist of analyses of data collected with NIDA support on PSUD in 3,300 personally interviewed unselected female-female, male-male and male-female adult twin pairs from the VTR, with the aim of quantifying the role of genetic, individual-specific environmental and familial-environmental factors in the etiology of substance use, abuse and dependence and clarifying the degree to which these risk factors are similar for different substances and for men and women. In phase 2, we will complete new interviews, focusing on PSUD and its risk factors, with all cooperative members of the male-male twin pairs from this sample (n=2,760) and their parents (n=2,000), measuring twin PSUD on two occasions, utilizing a life history calendar, assessing key risk factor domains from multiple informants and obtaining school and criminal records on all informants. In phase 3, we will examine a series of questions using the complete data set of twins and twins with parents. Analyses to be performed include: i) re-assessing the role of genetic and environmental risk factors in substance use, PSUD, and individual forms of PSUD, using data from multiple occasions and informants, ii) exploring a range of univariate and multi variate twin-family models to clarify the mechanism of the cross-generational transmission of the vulnerability to PSUD, iii) using multi variate twin modeling to clarify the genetic and environmental sources of covariation between substance use and PSUD and psychiatric illness, alcoholism and a range of putative risk factors including temperament, childhood behavioral dysregulation and adolescent peer group deviancy, iv) determining the nature of the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors for substance use and PSUD and v) developing statistically rigorous, comprehensive etiologic models for PSUD.