Genetic, Social, and Developmental Epidemiology of Drug Use Disorders

吸毒障碍的遗传、社会和发育流行病学

• 批准号: 9893984
• 负责人: KENNETH SEEDMAN KENDLER
• 金额: $ 9.84万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2021-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9893984
• 关键词: Achievement; Adolescence; Adult; Age; Birth; Blood Coagulation Factor VII; Characteristics; Child; Collaborations; Communities; Country; Crime; Data; Data Sources; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Development; Disease; Distal; Drug Modelings; Drug Use Disorder; Drug abuse; Employment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Equation; Etiology; Evaluation; Female; Funding; Gender; Generations; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Risk; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Household; Immigrant; Immigration; Intuition; Joints; Low income; Marriage; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Mental disorders; Methods; Military Personnel; Minority; Modeling; Nature; Nurse Midwives; Parents; Partner Abuse; Pathway interactions; Personality; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacoepidemiology; Phase; Phenotype; Policies; Population; Premature Mortality; Prevalence; Prevention; Productivity; Recurrence; Registries; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Schools; Sex Differences; Siblings; Smoking; Smoking Status; Source; Specific qualifier value; Specificity; Spouses; Statistical Methods; Stepparent; Structure; Sweden; Syndrome; Twin Multiple Birth; Universities; Virginia; Woman; age difference; alcohol use disorder; base; causal model; cognitive ability; convict; criminal behavior; design; deviant; disability; disorder risk; genetic epidemiology; innovation; male; men; middle age; migration; offspring; peer; predictive test; programs; psychologic; segregation; sex; social

Project Summary This revision of a competitive renewal seeks to continue our innovative and highly productive research program which has the goal of understanding the etiology, consequences and causes of desistance of drug use disorders (DUD) utilizing data available on the entire population of Sweden of unparalleled completeness and depth. We have eight specific aims which focus on the etiology and course and consequences of DUD. These aims are: i) to develop a structural equation (SEM) based approach to co-relative analyses and then apply it to critical risk factors for DUD available in Sweden, permitting a more rigorous assessment than hitherto possible of the degree to which risk factor-DUD associations are due to familial confounding versus causal effects; ii) to examine how strongly DUD is predicted by measures of IQ and personality at age 18 available on ~ 97% of all Swedish males born 1951-1975 and to clarify the degree to which these associations are likely causal; iii) to explore the similarity and differences in risk factors for DUD and smoking in over 1.2 million fertile women for whom smoking status is available as part of nurse-midwife's reports; iv) to explore how factors related to immigration, with a focus on macro-level contextual characteristics (i.e., residential segregation), impact risk for DUD among first and second generation immigrants to Sweden using analytical Geographic Information Systems (GIS) methods; v) to clarify how risk factors for DUD vary by gender using discordant opposite-sex relative pairs and the degree to which these risk factors are specific to DUD versus shared with other key externalizing syndromes of alcohol use disorders and crime; vi) to develop a comprehensive SEM for DUD in adoptees, twins, siblings, half-siblings, and typical, not-lived-with and step- parents that will permit joint estimation of four sources of familial-environmental effects, to examine developmental dynamics in the genetic and environmental risk factors for DUD from adolescence to middle age utilizing a longitudinal twin-sibling design and to clarify key mediating mechanisms from distal to more proximal risk factors by constructing a phenotypic-developmental SEM model for DUD that incorporates a wide array of genetic and environmental risk factors; vii) to develop longitudinal models to clarify the social, psychiatric and medical consequences of DUD using co-relative designs to control for familial confounding and viii) to explore the predictors of desistance from DUD on both the latent and specified risk factor level and clarify the causal nature of these associations via co-relative designs. We will use comprehensive data from multiple nationwide data sources in Sweden on 11.8 million men and women to accomplish these goals. Applying the deep expertise of our research groups at Virginia Commonwealth and Lund University in drug abuse research, social and genetic epidemiology and causal modeling to a uniquely powerful sample, we expect this study to have important implications for DUD research, prevention and policy.

项目摘要 这一竞争性更新的修订旨在继续我们的创新和高生产力的研究 该计划的目标是了解药物停药的病因，后果和原因 使用障碍（DUD），利用瑞典整个人口的数据，其完整性无与伦比 和深度我们有八个具体目标，重点是DUD的病因、过程和后果。 这些目标是：i）开发一种基于结构方程（SEM）的相关分析方法，然后 将其应用于瑞典现有的DUD关键风险因素，从而可以进行比 到目前为止，风险因素-DUD关联的程度可能是由于家族性混杂， 因果效应; ii）研究18岁时的智商和个性指标对DUD的预测力有多强 在1951-1975年出生的所有瑞典男性中，约97%的人都有这种联系，并澄清这些联系的程度 很可能是因果关系; iii）探索1.2以上人群中DUD和吸烟风险因素的相似性和差异 百万有生育能力的妇女，其吸烟状况是护士-助产士报告的一部分; iv）探讨如何 与移民有关的因素，重点是宏观层面的背景特征（即，住宅 隔离），使用分析方法对第一代和第二代移民到瑞典的DUD的影响风险 地理信息系统（GIS）方法; v）使用以下方法澄清DUD的风险因素如何因性别而异 不一致的异性亲属对，以及这些风险因素对DUD的特异性程度， 与酒精使用障碍和犯罪的其他关键外在综合征共享; vi）制定一个 在被收养者、双胞胎、兄弟姐妹、同父异母的兄弟姐妹和典型的、非同居的和继父母中， 父母，将允许联合估计家庭环境影响的四个来源，检查 从青春期到中年DUD遗传和环境危险因素的发展动态 年龄利用纵向孪生兄弟设计，并阐明从远端到更多的关键介导机制 通过构建DUD的表型-发育SEM模型， 一系列遗传和环境风险因素; vii）开发纵向模型以阐明社会， DUD的精神和医学后果，使用相关设计来控制家族性混杂因素， viii）探索在潜在和特定风险因素水平上停止DUD的预测因素， 通过相关设计澄清这些关联的因果性质。我们将使用来自 在瑞典的多个全国性的数据来源对1 180万男子和妇女实现这些目标。 应用我们在弗吉尼亚联邦和隆德大学的研究小组在药物方面的深厚专业知识 滥用研究，社会和遗传流行病学和因果建模，以一个独特的强大的样本，我们 希望这项研究对DUD的研究，预防和政策具有重要意义。