Translational Research on Eating Disorders

饮食失调的转化研究

• 批准号: 6446831
• 负责人: B. TIMOTHY WALSH
• 金额: $ 52.47万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-03-01 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6446831
• 关键词: adult human (21+); anorexia nervosa; avoidance behavior; behavioral /social science research tag; bulimia nervosa; dietary control; disease /disorder model; eating; eating disorders; ethology; exercise; female; human subject; interdisciplinary collaboration; laboratory rat; neurochemistry; nutrition related tag; patient oriented research; psychobiology; reinforcer; satiations; stimulus /response; substance abuse related behavior; taste; women's health

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The eating disorders, Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa, are psychiatric illnesses of uncertain etiology which affect a significant number of women and which are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. A central behavioral feature of these disorders is a disturbance in the control of meal size. Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by abnormally small meals and Bulimia Nervosa by abnormally large ("binge") meals. Substantial progress has been made in the last two decades in understanding the controls of meal size in laboratory animals, but direct applications of these models to disordered eating are lacking. A second clinical characteristic of eating disorders is a narrowing of behavioral repertoire so that food-related thinking and behavior progressively interfere with other occupational and social activities. This pattern is reminiscent of the behavior of individuals dependent on drugs. There are substantial preclinical data documenting the behavioral and neurochemical effects of drugs of abuse, but, again, there have been few attempts to examine systematically the utility of this information in understanding eating disorders. This proposed R21 Developmental Grant will translate preclinical knowledge of the controls of eating behavior and of substance use to the study of human eating disorders. A formal collaboration will be established between investigators with expertise in the study of feeding behavior in animals, investigators with expertise in the study of human substance abuse and investigators with expertise in the study of human eating and eating disorders. This research group will develop and conduct experiments to translate basic animal research into the study of human eating disorders and, conversely, to examine in animal models phenomena described in clinical experience with patients with eating disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：饮食失调、神经性厌食症和 神经性贪食症是一种病因不明的精神疾病，影响 大量女性且与高发病率相关 和死亡率。这些疾病的一个核心行为特征是紊乱 在控制膳食量上。神经性厌食症的特点是异常 少食多餐和异常大餐（“暴饮暴食”）引起的神经性贪食症。 过去二十年来，人们在理解这一问题方面取得了实质性进展 控制实验动物的膳食量，但直接应用这些 缺乏饮食失调的模型。第二个临床特征 饮食失调是行为范围的缩小，因此与食物相关的 思维和行为逐渐干扰其他职业和 社交活动。这种模式让人想起个人的行为 依赖药物。有大量临床前数据记录了 滥用药物对行为和神经化学的影响，但是，同样，有 很少有人尝试系统地检验这些信息在 了解饮食失调。 拟议的 R21 发展补助金将转化以下临床前知识 人类研究中饮食行为和物质使用的控制 饮食失调。双方将建立正式合作 具有动物进食行为研究专业知识的研究人员， 具有人类药物滥用研究专业知识的调查员和 具有人类饮食和饮食失调研究专业知识的研究人员。 该研究小组将开发并进行实验来翻译基础知识 将动物研究转化为人类饮食失调的研究，反之亦然 在动物模型中检查临床经验中描述的现象 饮食失调患者。