Characterizing Decision-Making in Anorexia Nervosa Under Conditions of Risk and Ambiguity using Computational Neuroimaging

使用计算神经影像描述神经性厌食症在风险和模糊性条件下的决策特征

• 批准号: 10580198
• 负责人: Emily Barkley-Levenson
• 金额: $ 34.87万
• 依托单位: HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10580198
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Anorexia Nervosa; Attitude; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Weight; Body mass index; Choice Behavior; Choices and Control; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cognition; Cognitive; Computing Methodologies; Data; Decision Making; Development; Disease; Disease model; Etiology; Evidence based treatment; Failure; Female; Fertility; Food; Fright; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Interruption; Intervention; Knowledge; Lateral; Link; Maintenance; Measures; Medial; Medical; Mental disorders; Modeling; Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Neurosciences; Organism; Outcome; Pattern; Performance; Population; Population Control; Prefrontal Cortex; Probability; Process; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Scanning; Secondary to; Services; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Subgroup; Symptoms; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Treatment outcome; Uncertainty; Universities; Ventral Striatum; Weight; Weight Gain; Work; aged; behavioral economics; behavioral response; biobehavior; career; clinically relevant; computational neuroscience; cost; design; dietary; dietary restriction; effective intervention; experience; follow-up; functional disability; gastrointestinal; graduate student; improved; insight; interest; mortality; neural; neurobehavioral; neurobehavioral test; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; psychologic; reduce symptoms; response; restraint; standard care; undergraduate student

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Anorexia nervosa (AN) is the deadliest of all mental illnesses and is associated with significant medical consequences and functional impairment. Despite significant research efforts, the etiology of the disorder remains unknown, and outcomes from existing psychological treatments remain suboptimal. Some prior work in AN has suggested alterations in decision-making, sensitivity to risk, and altered activity in frontostriatal circuits may be involved in the maintenance of the disorder. However, this work has been mixed in its findings, likely secondary to limited consideration of subcomponents of decision-making and/or relevant contextual influences on this process. Drawing from work in behavioral economics and computational neuroscience, alongside clinical evidence that many outcomes related to food and weight are uncertain/ambiguous, we propose that the decision- making profile of individuals with AN may be better characterized by ambiguity aversion, such that a sensitivity toward ambiguous outcomes interrupts successful value-based decision-making and results in maintenance of dietary restraint despite significant functional and personal cost. To test this hypothesis, we will gather behavioral choice and neural data from females with AN, restricting type (n=65, ages 16-22) and healthy control (HC) subjects (n=65) while completing a well-validated decision-making task that allows separation of risky and ambiguous decisions. Additionally, the AN group will provide measures of symptoms at baseline and 6-month follow-up to explore how performance on the task relates to the persistence of symptoms. We hypothesize that the AN group will demonstrate increased ambiguity aversion compared to HC and choice behavior inconsistent with prevailing models of value-based decision-making (Aim 1). On the neural level, we expect that, compared to HC, individuals with AN will demonstrate differential activation in frontostriatal regions during ambiguous trials, rather than risk (Aim 2). Lastly, we expect that neural and behavioral parameters gauging ambiguity aversion will relate to BMI, dietary restriction, and cognitive symptoms of AN both cross-sectionally and over time, such that individuals demonstrating greater aversion to ambiguous decisions will have lower body weights and greater engagement in symptoms, supporting our hypothesized maintenance mechanism (Aim 3). Overall, the current project will provide an important next step toward a more precise characterization of the cognitive profile of individuals with AN. In pursuing this knowledge, consistent with the goal of the R15 AREA award, the current project will simultaneously provide graduate and undergraduate students at Hofstra University with invaluable hands-on experiences in neuroimaging, computational methods, and clinical research.

项目摘要/摘要 神经性厌食症(AN)是所有精神疾病中最致命的，与重大的医学疾病有关。 后果和功能损害。尽管做出了重大的研究努力，但这种疾病的病因 仍然未知，现有心理治疗的结果仍然不是最理想的。中的一些先前工作 An提出了决策的改变、对风险的敏感性以及额纹状体环路活动的改变。 可能参与了这种混乱的维持。然而，这项工作的结果很可能是喜忧参半。 仅次于对决策子组成部分和/或相关背景影响的有限考虑 在这个过程中。来自行为经济学和计算神经科学的工作，以及临床 有证据表明，许多与食物和体重有关的结果是不确定的/模棱两可的，我们建议这一决定- 制作个人档案可能更好地表现为歧义厌恶，这样一种敏感度 走向模糊的结果会中断成功的基于价值的决策，并导致维持 节制饮食，尽管有很大的功能和个人成本。为了检验这一假设，我们将收集行为 来自患有AN、限制性类型(n=65，年龄16-22岁)和健康对照组(HC)的女性的选择和神经数据 受试者(n=65)，同时完成经过充分验证的决策任务，允许分离风险和 模棱两可的决定。此外，AN小组将提供基线和6个月时症状的测量 跟踪研究任务中的表现如何与症状的持续性相关。我们假设 与HC相比，AN组会表现出更多的歧义厌恶，并且选择行为不一致 采用主流的基于价值的决策模式(目标1)。在神经层面上，我们预计，相比 对于HC来说，在模棱两可的试验中，AN患者将在额纹状体区域表现出不同的激活， 而不是冒险(目标2)。最后，我们预计衡量模糊厌恶的神经和行为参数 将与体重指数、饮食限制和认知症状有关，既有横断面的，也有随着时间的推移的 对模棱两可的决定表现出更大厌恶的人会有更轻的体重和更大的 参与症状，支持我们假设的维护机制(目标3)。总体来说，目前 该项目将提供重要的下一步，以更准确地描述 具有..。在追求这一知识的过程中，与R15区域奖的目标一致，目前 该项目将同时为霍夫斯特拉大学的研究生和本科生提供无价的 具有神经成像、计算方法和临床研究方面的实践经验。