Neurophysiological Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment

轻度认知障碍的神经生理变化

• 批准号: 6542992
• 负责人: Arnold Starr
• 金额: $ 25.61万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-15 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6542992
• 关键词: Alzheimer's disease; attention; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition disorders; disease /disorder proneness /risk; electrodes; electroencephalography; frontal lobe /cortex; human old age (65+); human subject; longitudinal human study; memory disorders; neocortex; neural information processing; neurologic manifestations; neuropathology; neuropsychological tests; noninvasive diagnosis; pathologic process; sensory mechanism; somesthetic sensory cortex; stimulus interval

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objective of this project is to understand the changes in brain and cognitive function that take place before the onset of the clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a diagnostic term describing elderly individuals with an isolated episodic memory deficit that is often a transition state between normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, the study of MCI offers insight into the changes in brain and cognitive function that occur before the widespread cognitive deficits of Alzheimer's disease are present. Neuropathological studies suggest that the degree of neuropathology in the neo-cortex is likely to be a critical difference between MCI and AD. The proposed experiments will evaluate neo-cortical function in MCI using psychological and neurophysiological methods by (1) assessing basic cognitive processes thought to reflect neo-cortical function, and (2) measuring cortical potentials directly, using non-invasive event-related potentials. The Specific Aims are: (1) to test the hypothesis that elementary cognitive functions (processing speed, attention) are impaired in MCI, (2) to test the hypothesis that cortical interactions between prefrontal cortex and sensory cortices are compromised in MCI, and (3) to determine if brain activity and behavioral measures can predict subsequent conversion to AD in individual MCI subjects, using a longitudinal study design. The proposed experiments are important because they will advance our understanding of the brain and cognitive changes that accompany the development of Alzheimer's disease. Experimental findings may also have clinical applications for determining the risk of conversion from MCI to Alzheimer's disease in individual MCI patients, and could provide objective measures of treatment efficacy.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的长期目标是了解阿尔茨海默病临床症状发作前大脑和认知功能的变化。轻度认知障碍（MCI）是一个诊断术语，描述了具有孤立的情景记忆缺陷的老年人，其通常是正常衰老和阿尔茨海默病（AD）之间的过渡状态。因此，MCI的研究提供了对在阿尔茨海默病的广泛认知缺陷存在之前发生的大脑和认知功能变化的见解。神经病理学研究表明，新皮层的神经病理学程度可能是MCI和AD之间的关键区别。拟议的实验将使用心理学和神经生理学方法评估MCI中的新皮层功能，通过（1）评估被认为反映新皮层功能的基本认知过程，以及（2）使用非侵入性事件相关电位直接测量皮层电位。 具体目标是：（1）检验MCI中基本认知功能（处理速度、注意力）受损的假设，（2）检验MCI中前额叶皮质和感觉皮质之间的皮质相互作用受损的假设，（3）使用纵向研究设计确定脑活动和行为测量是否可以预测个体MCI受试者随后向AD的转化。 拟议的实验很重要，因为它们将促进我们对大脑和认知变化的理解，这些变化伴随着阿尔茨海默病的发展。实验结果也可能具有临床应用，用于确定个体MCI患者从MCI转化为阿尔茨海默病的风险，并可以提供治疗效果的客观测量。