HEARING DEFICIT DUE TO AUDITORY NEUROPATHY

听觉神经病变导致的听力缺陷

• 批准号: 6621439
• 负责人: Arnold Starr
• 金额: $ 34.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-09-01 至 2005-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6621439
• 关键词: acoustic nerve; audiometry; auditory pathways; binaural hearing; clinical research; cochlear implants; ear hair cell; electroencephalography; electromyography; evoked potentials; human subject; neural conduction; neural information processing; pathologic process; patient oriented research; perceptual maskings; psychoacoustics; psychophysiology; sensorineural hearing loss; sound frequency; sound perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal will study a recently recognized form of hearing disorder called auditory neuropathy (AN). Different from cochlear damage, AN is characterized by normal measures of cochlear outer hair cells but abnormal measures of the central auditory pathway beginning with auditory nerve. The hearing disorder typically affects speech comprehension out-of-proportion to the pure tone loss, particularly speech recognition in noise. AN is not rare and accounts for 10 percent of newborns identified as having hearing loss. The disorder occurs in children and adults. In adults the disorder is commonly associated with a peripheral neuropathy. Loss of neural synchrony is proposed as a cardinal mechanism underlying the hearing disorder. The sites of abnormality in AN could include auditory nerve and/or inner hair cells and their synapses with auditory nerve dendrites. Our long-term goals are to understand the AN mechanisms and functions in order to provide a scientific basis for alleviating the hearing deficit in AN subjects. We propose three experiments using both psychophysical and elecrophysiological techniques to characterize: (1) fundamental and complex auditory processes in AN subjects in order to explain their speech recognition difficulty, particularly in noise; (2) distinguish between the site of the disorder as being at auditory nerve or at inner hair cell/synapse complex; and (3) optimize signal processing for AN subjects with cochlear implants. The resultsof our studies could have major impact on the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of auditory neuropathy.

描述（由申请人提供）： 该提案将研究一种最近被认可的听力障碍形式，称为 听神经病（AN）。与耳蜗损伤不同，AN 的特点是 耳蜗外毛细胞的正常测量值，但耳蜗外毛细胞的异常测量值 中枢听觉通路起始于听神经。听力障碍 通常会影响语音理解，与纯音损失不成比例， 特别是噪声中的语音识别。 AN并不罕见，占10 被确定患有听力损失的新生儿的百分比。该疾病发生在 儿童和成人。在成人中，该疾病通常与 周围神经病变。神经同步性丧失被提议作为一个基数 听力障碍的潜在机制。 AN异常部位可 包括听觉神经和/或内毛细胞及其与听觉的突触 神经树突。我们的长期目标是了解 AN 机制并 为缓解听力问题提供科学依据 AN 科目的缺陷。我们提出了三个使用心理物理学的实验 和电生理学技术来表征：（1）基本和复杂 AN 受试者的听觉过程，以解释他们的语音识别 困难，尤其是噪音方面； (2)区分站点 听觉神经或内毛细胞/突触复合体的疾病；和 (3) 优化植入人工耳蜗的 AN 受试者的信号处理。这 我们的研究结果可能对诊断、分类、 和听神经病的治疗。