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RNA EDITING IN PLANT ORGANELLES

植物细胞器中的 RNA 编辑

基本信息

批准号：
6385864
负责人：
MAUREEN REBECCA HANSON
金额：
$ 29.73万
依托单位：
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1994-05-01 至 2003-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6385864
关键词：
RNA binding protein chloroplasts double stranded RNA gene expression genetic regulatory element genetic translation genetically modified plants laboratory rabbit mitochondria nucleic acid sequence nucleotides plant genetics plant proteins polymerase chain reaction posttranscriptional RNA processing protein biosynthesis tissue /cell culture tobacco

项目摘要

RNA editing alters the predicted nuclear or organelle gene products from many organisms, ranging from protozoans to humans. This distinctive form of RNA processing gives organisms unique flexibility in producing messenger and structural RNAs and proteins from DNA genomes. For organelles of some plants and animals, RNA editing can be viewed as a correction mechanism for genes that otherwise could not be expressed or would encode aberrant products. RNA editing also sometimes serves to allow the production of proteins with diverse functions or properties from a single gene. In humans, transcripts of genes involved in lipid metabolism and nervous system function are among those that undergo base modifications. Fundamental aspects of base modification RNA editing will be uncovered by studies of C-to-U RNA editing in plastids of angiosperm plants. Unlike other organelles in which RNA editing occurs plastids can be transformed with deliberately altered editing sites to analyze the cis-acting elements necessary for catalysis and recognition of bases for modification. Mutant screens will identify nuclear or organelle genes which affect editing site recognition and editing efficiency. With information obtained from transformation analysis, substrate RNAs can be designed to identify components of the editing apparatus that associate with target transcripts. The proposed research should enhance understanding of other forms of RNA processing in the biological world, especially the mechanisms of tRNA, mRNA and rRNA modification and editing.

RNA编辑改变了预测的核或细胞器基因产物许多生物体，从原生动物到人类。这种独特的形式 RNA 加工赋予生物体独特的生产灵活性来自 DNA 基因组的信使、结构 RNA 和蛋白质。为了对于某些植物和动物的细胞器，RNA 编辑可以被视为一种对否则无法表达的基因的校正机制会对异常产品进行编码。 RNA 编辑有时也有助于允许生产具有不同功能或特性的蛋白质来自单个基因。在人类中，涉及脂质的基因转录本新陈代谢和神经系统功能属于基础功能修改。碱基修饰 RNA 编辑的基本方面质体中 C-to-U RNA 编辑的研究将揭示这一点被子植物。与其他发生 RNA 编辑的细胞器不同质体可以通过故意改变的编辑位点进行转化分析催化和识别所需的顺式作用元件修饰的碱基。突变筛选将识别核或影响编辑位点识别和编辑的细胞器基因效率。根据变换分析获得的信息，底物 RNA 可以被设计来识别编辑的成分与目标转录本相关的装置。拟议的研究应该增强对RNA加工中其他形式的理解生物世界，特别是tRNA、mRNA和rRNA的机制修改和编辑。