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The role of learning about social approval and disapproval in adolescent depression.

了解社会认可和反对在青少年抑郁症中的作用。

基本信息

批准号：
1918828
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1918828
关键词：
role learning about social approval

项目摘要

In adolescence there is a large increase in rates of depression, particularly in females. Around age 13, depressive symptoms start rising in females, and the gender difference between males and females emerges. We do not understand why this occurs. I believe it could be related to an increase in adolescents' sensitivity to social approval and disapproval. During adolescence, social relationships with peers become more important. Females in particular become more sensitive to their peers' opinions. Adults with depression are better at learning about social disapproval and worse at learning about social approval than healthy individuals. We do not know how such learning develops during adolescence. If adolescents became more sensitive to social approval and disapproval, this could explain why they are at increased risk of depression. If females become more sensitive than males, it might explain the gender difference. Previous research has used self-report methods, which may be susceptible to bias, so this must be tested using objective performance on tasks. I will test this with computerised tasks in 640 adolescents in schools in London. Adolescents aged 11 (early puberty) and 15 (late puberty) will complete a task involving learning about social approval and disapproval, as well as measures of depression and social experiences. These changes in sensitivity to social approval and disapproval may provide targets for interventions that could prevent the first episode of adolescent depression. Preventing the first episode of adolescent depression would be of great public health benefit.

在青春期，抑郁症的发病率大幅上升，尤其是女性。在13岁左右，女性的抑郁症状开始上升，男性和女性之间的性别差异出现了。我们不明白为什么会发生这种情况。我相信这可能与青少年对社会认可和反对的敏感性增加有关。在青春期，与同龄人的社会关系变得更加重要。尤其是女性，她们对同龄人的意见更加敏感。患有抑郁症的成年人比健康的人更善于学习社会不认可，更不善于学习社会认可。我们不知道这种学习在青春期是如何发展的。如果青少年对社会的认可和反对变得更加敏感，这可以解释为什么他们患抑郁症的风险增加。如果女性比男性更敏感，这可能解释了性别差异。以前的研究使用自我报告的方法，这可能是容易受到偏见，所以这必须使用任务的客观表现进行测试。我将在伦敦学校的640名青少年中用计算机任务来测试这一点。11岁（青春期早期）和15岁（青春期后期）的青少年将完成一项任务，包括学习社会认可和不认可，以及抑郁和社会经验的测量。这些对社会认可和反对的敏感性的变化可能为预防青少年抑郁症的首次发作提供干预目标。预防青少年抑郁症的第一次发作将对公共卫生有很大的好处。