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Black Labour: African Migrant Networks and Informal Work in Southern Italy

黑人劳工：非洲移民网络和意大利南部的非正式工作

基本信息

批准号：
1935989
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Sussex
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1935989
关键词：
Black Labour African Migrant Networks

项目摘要

The research proposal is an analysis of the cultural and socio-economic impacts of undocumented labour migration from Africa to Europe. The aim of the research topic is to investigate and analyze the political and economic issues that theillegal entry and stay of migrants produces on European local economies and labour standards. The case study takes into consideration the labour migration flows from Sub Saharan African countries to Europe with Italy as the first step in the migration project towards Northern European countries. The research topic focuses, more precisely, on seasonal Sub-Saharan African migrant labour in the agricultural sector in the South of Italy.The research project analyzes the "caporalato", the migrant labour contracting system based on ethnic and kinship ties. The "caporalato" labour contracting system originated in the 1950s and spread throughout the Southern part of Italy among local Italian workers until it was fought back by trade unionist and slowly disappeared.Since the 1970s however there has been an increase in migrant flows from Sub-Saharan Africa toward Italy, changing Italy's role in the migration patterns from solely a departure country to a destination country. The increase in Italy of low-skilled African migrant labour has coincided with the re-emergence of the phenomenon of the "caporalato", which has taken resurfaced since the 1980s, with undocumented migrants as its main target labour force, and rendering the agricultural sector in the South of Italy completely reliant on the migrant labour contracting system. The function of the "caporalato" is to offer high numbers of temporary seasonal workers in a very short time, sometimes even just overnight. In fact, most of the migrant workers are contracted on a daily basis and will offer their labour in the early hours of the day in the "kaliffo ground" (the contract worker's ground).I will be conducting ethnographic field research in the province of Foggia in the "Ghetto di Rignano" shantytown in the outskirts of Borgo Mezzanone, in the Puglia Region, where there is a high density of migrant work force contracted in the agricultural sector. "Radio Ghetto" is a radio station based in the "Ghetto di Rignano" that has as one of its principal objectives to create a participated communication experience that gives voice to the undocumented workers in the agricultural lands in Puglia.The "Radio Ghetto" volunteers have agreed to enable my access to the field and will act as "gate-keepers" to the area of field research investigation. The access I have been granted is the result of preliminary field research conducted in Summer 2016.While undergoing field research I will be investigating the legal and economic system that allows for the exploitation of the migrants' "illegal entry and stay" status in Italy and their reasons and willingness to leave Italy and its exploitative conditions and proceed "North" in order to better their lives. I will investigate the modes of action of systemic structural undocumented migrant exploitation in Italy and the reasons behind a South-North internal European migrant flow trajectory. In fact, throughout ethnographic participant observation and interviewing processes, I will address the rhetorical construction of migrant utopias and destination countries, such as England and in particular the London area.I believe that understanding the dynamics and limits of this system of structural illegality represents the first step in bringing about a change in the ways in which migrants enter Europe, are subsequently "allowed" to remain, and are forced to contend with myriads of constraints and impediments along the way. This type of research is fundamental for the management of migration throughout Europe.

该研究提案分析了从非洲到欧洲的无证劳工移民的文化和社会经济影响。本研究课题的目的是调查和分析移民非法入境和居留对欧洲当地经济和劳工标准产生的政治和经济问题。该案例研究考虑了从撒哈拉以南非洲国家到欧洲的劳务移民流动，其中意大利是向北欧国家移民项目的第一步。更准确地说，该研究主题侧重于意大利南部农业部门的撒哈拉以南非洲季节性移民劳工。该研究项目分析了“caporalato”，即基于种族和亲属关系的移民劳工承包制度。 “Caporalato”劳动承包制度起源于20世纪50年代，在意大利南部地区的当地意大利工人中流传，直到遭到工会成员的反击而慢慢消失。然而，自20世纪70年代以来，从撒哈拉以南非洲地区流向意大利的移民数量有所增加，使意大利在移民模式中的角色从单纯的出发国转变为目的地国。意大利低技能非洲移民劳动力的增加，恰逢20世纪80年代以来重新出现的“caporalato”现象的重新出现，以无证移民为主要目标劳动力，导致意大利南部的农业部门完全依赖移民劳工承包制度。 “caporalato”的功能是在很短的时间内（有时甚至只是一夜之间）提供大量临时季节性工人。事实上，大多数农民工每天都是合同工，他们会在当天凌晨在“kaliffo ground”（合同工工地）提供劳动力。我将在普利亚地区博尔戈梅扎诺内郊区的“Ghetto di Rignano”棚户区的福贾省进行民族志实地研究，那里有高密度的农民工农业领域的承包。 “Radio Ghetto”是一家位于“Ghetto di Rignano”的广播电台，其主要目标之一是创造一种参与式沟通体验，为普利亚农田中的无证工人提供发言权。“Radio Ghetto”志愿者已同意让我进入现场，并将充当实地研究调查领域的“看门人”。我获得的准入是2016年夏季进行的初步实地研究的结果。在进行实地研究的同时，我将调查允许移民在意大利“非法入境和居留”身份遭到剥削的法律和经济制度，以及他们离开意大利的原因和意愿及其剥削条件，并前往“北方”以改善他们的生活。我将调查意大利系统性结构性无证移民剥削的行动模式以及欧洲内部南北移民流动轨迹背后的原因。事实上，在整个民族志参与观察和访谈过程中，我将讨论移民乌托邦和目的地国的修辞建构，例如英格兰，特别是伦敦地区。我相信，了解这种结构性非法制度的动态和局限性是改变移民进入欧洲、随后被“允许”留下来并被迫应对沿途无数限制和障碍的方式的第一步。道路。此类研究对于整个欧洲的移民管理至关重要。