NPIF: Developing and utilizing a transgene-free genome editing toolbox for enhancing the production of high value carotenoids in algae

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Developing new molecular/genetic tools and technologies are essential for the production of commercially competitive pigments, such as carotenoids in industrial biotechnology in order to move away from unsustainable extraction of natural sources or environmentally costly synthetic chemistry. One of the most commercially valuable carotenoids is astaxanthin. It is used as a feed supplement to enhance red pigments in salmon, shrimp, crab and chicken products. In addition, astaxanthin is widely used as a dietary supplement for humans due to its antioxidant activity. The current market is dominated by synthetic astaxanthin. Since the synthetic version contains a mixture of stereoisomers with highly varying biological activity/pigmentation, there is increasing demand for natural, more efficient products.Microalgae are highly valuable platforms in industrial biotechnology. However, the limited number of currently available genetic tools (1), including the generation of sequence-specific mutations (2, 3), often prevents realisation of their full potential. This project will develop a highly-specific, and transgene-free genome editing toolbox in order to enhance astaxhantin biogenesis in microalgae and optimise its production in microalgal photobioreactor systems. It will benefit from both molecular and genetic improvement of microalgae as well as expertise in algal microfarming.Developing a highly customisable genome editing technology would pave the path to modify any biosynthetic pathway and to produce high value biochemicals with transgene-free designer algae.Our project will provide the framework to develop core research skills both in academia and in industry as well as excellent cross-disciplinary research training, including skills in communication and public engagement. The student will benefit from the resources and expertise of a leading UK research institute and an innovative company - namely the University of Edinburgh and Scottish Bioenergy.