Cross-context behavioural spillover and sustainable tourism in Wales

公众对环境问题的意识和关注很高，但往往不能转化为环境友好的行为。在度假或休闲一日游中采用这些行为的比例低于在家中。这种亲环境行为的不一致性在各种行为和环境中都很明显。最近的工作探索了开发干预措施的潜力，这些干预措施可以从一种情况扩展到另一种情况（例如，从家到工作），并最终产生比迄今为止更零碎和针对具体情况的干预措施所实现的更一致和更雄心勃勃的生活方式改变。在目前的项目中，一个特别有希望产生溢出效应的重点是针对威尔士人的身份。这是基于我们之前的工作，我们发现威尔士自然景观是威尔士民族认同的核心组成部分。该项目将探讨两个案例研究：狗的管理和浪费行为。遛狗的人在国家公园的游客中占很大比例，但遛狗的人和管理员（以及放牧人）之间的冲突越来越多，因为他们担心羊，污染环境，破坏鸟类筑巢地。乱扔垃圾和低回收率也是公园管理部门长期面临的问题。之所以选择这些行为，是因为它们对布雷肯比肯国家行动计划（因此具有最大的影响潜力）和当地社区（例如，反映在城镇/村庄计划中）具有高度优先性，并且也是有形的，相对容易改变（不像旅行行为，例如，在农村地区，旅行行为在结构上受到更多限制）。该项目将采用混合方法，包括以下几个阶段：与游客和当地利益相关者（如放牧者、管理员）进行深入的现场访谈，以探索行为改变方面的信念、动机和障碍；干预设计结合桌面研究，确定核心理论原则和有效技术，并使用过去的访客调查和访客/利益相关者访谈结果；与布雷肯灯塔国家公园的游客进行实地实验，以测试行为改变干预措施，比较实验组（例如威尔士身份，绿色身份，精细回避）和对照组。这也将探讨目标行为（废物，狗管理）的变化是否会在公园访问之外持续到他们的家庭环境（即跨环境溢出）。这种奖学金被称为“合作奖学金”，包括心理学院和一个非学术组织（布雷肯比肯斯国家公园管理局）的共同监督。该项目将包括与主管的定期会议和访问BBNPA的研究地点

Public awareness and concern about environmental issues is high, but does not often translate into environmentally-friendly behaviours. Adoption of these behaviours while on holiday or leisure day-trips is lower than within the home. Thisinconsistency in pro-environmental behaviour is evident across various behaviours and contexts. Recent work has explored the potential for developing interventions which can spillover from one context to another (e.g. home to work) and ultimately produce more consistent and ambitious lifestyle change than has been achieved to date with more piecemeal and context-specific interventions. One particularly promising focus for producing spillover to be tested in the current project is to target Welsh identity. This is based on our previous work, in which we found that Welsh natural landscape is a core component of Welsh national identity. The project will explore two case studies: dog management and waste behaviours. Dog walkers account for a significant proportion of visitors to the National Park, but there is increasing conflict between dog walkers and wardens (as well as graziers) over sheep worrying, fouling, and damage to bird nesting sites. Littering and low recycling rates are also a persistent problem for Park Authorities. These behaviours are selected because they are of high priority to Brecon Beacons NPA (so of greatest impact potential) and local communities (e.g., reflected in town/village plans), and are also tangible and relatively amenable to change (unlike, e.g., travel behaviours, which are more structurally constrained in rural areas). The project will apply a mixed-methods approach, comprising the following stages: Depth on-site interviews with visitors and local stakeholders (e.g. graziers, wardens) to explore beliefs, motivations and barriers in respect of behaviour change; Intervention design incorporating desk research identifying core theoretical principles and effective techniques, and using past visitor surveys) and visitor/stakeholder interview findings; Field experiment with Brecon Beacons National Park visitors to test behaviour change interventions, comparing experimental (e.g. Welsh identity, green identity, fine avoidance) and control groups. This will also explore whether changes to targeted behaviours (waste, dog management) endure beyond the park visit to their home context (i.e. cross-context spillover). This studentship, known as a 'collaborative studentship', involves co-supervision from the School of Psychology and a non-academic organisation (Brecon Beacons National Park Authority). The project will involve regular meetings with both supervisors and visits to study sites in the BBNPA