EXERCISE AND A HIGH CARBOHYDRATE DIET

锻炼和高碳水化合物饮食

• 批准号: 6475615
• 负责人: WIlliam J Evans
• 金额: $ 31.79万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF ARKANSAS FOR MED SCIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-12-02 至 2003-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6475615
• 关键词: aerobic exercise; basal metabolism; bioenergetics; biopsy; body composition; caloric dietary content; clinical research; dietary carbohydrates; dietary fiber; glucose clamp technique; glucose metabolism; glucose tolerance; glucose transporter; glycogen; glycogen synthase; human old age (65+); human subject; insulin; muscle metabolism; muscle strength; nutrition of aging; nutrition related tag; pancreatic islet function; reducing diet; weight loss

A high carbohydrate (CHO) high fiber diet and exercise have been promoted by health professionals as an important way to prevent NIDDM or to help prevent the vast array of symptoms that result from the disease. We have demonstrated that regularly performed aerobic exercise improved glucose tolerance (OGTT), insulin stimulated glucose uptake and skeletal muscle GLUT-4 levels in older, glucose intolerant men and women. However, when combined with a eucaloric, high CHO, high fiber diet (60 percent CHO, 20 percent fat, 20 percent protein, 25 g fiber/1000 kcal) there were no exercise induced improvements in OGTT, meal tolerance, or insulin stimulated glucose uptake. The high CHO diet was also associated with a significant drop in HDL cholesterol and an increase in circulating triglyceride levels. This was a carefully controlled metabolic study in which subjects were not permitted to lose body weight. A subsequent investigation demonstrated that when older men and women consume a similar high CHO diet ad libitum (with no attempt at energy restriction), they experience significant weight loss. Using a group of older men and women (120 through 150 percent of ideal BMI, age 65 to 80 years), we propose to examine the influence of an ad libitum high CHO diet alone or in conjunction with an aerobic exercise program on body composition, insulin action, and muscle metabolism. We propose to test the hypothesis that when subjects consume a high CHO, high fiber diet ad libitum, they will lose weight and demonstrate increases in glucose tolerance and insulin stimulated glucose uptake. We will also examine the effects of a hypocaloric (-500 kcal/d) high CHO diet alone and in conjunction with an aerobic exercise to produce an energy deficit. Specifically, we will examine body composition, insulin stimulated glucose disposal (during a euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp), components of energy metabolism, muscle strength and power, maximal aerobic capacity and muscle metabolism (fiber type and size, glycogen synthase, glycogen content, GLUT 4 mRNA) before and after 3 months of weight loss. This study will be the first to examine metabolic effects of an ad libitum and a hypocaloric high CHO diet (with or without exercise) in the elderly. The proposed studies will have important implications for the treatment of obesity and its vast array of complications that are often seen in older men and women.

高碳水化合物（CHO）高纤维饮食和锻炼已经成为 作为预防NIDDM的重要方法， 或帮助预防由糖尿病引起的各种症状， 疾病 我们已经证明，定期进行有氧运动 改善葡萄糖耐量（OGTT），胰岛素刺激葡萄糖摄取， 老年葡萄糖不耐受男性骨骼肌GLUT-4水平， 妇女 然而，当与一个有热量的，高CHO，高纤维 饮食（60% CHO，20%脂肪，20%蛋白质，25 g 纤维/1000千卡）没有运动诱导的OGTT改善， 膳食耐受或胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取。 高胆固醇饮食 也与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的显著下降有关， 循环甘油三酯水平升高。 这是一个仔细 对照代谢研究，受试者不允许失去 体重 随后的调查表明，当年龄较大时， 男性和女性随意食用类似的高CHO饮食（没有 尝试能量限制），他们经历了显着的体重减轻。 使用一组老年男性和女性（120%至150%的理想 BMI，年龄65至80岁），我们建议检查广告的影响 自由高CHO饮食单独或结合有氧运动 身体组成，胰岛素作用和肌肉代谢的计划。 我们 建议检验假设，即当受试者摄入高CHO时， 高纤维饮食随意，他们将减肥，并证明 葡萄糖耐量增加和胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取。 我们还将研究低热量（-500千卡/天）高CHO的影响。 饮食单独和结合有氧运动，以产生一个 能量不足具体来说，我们将检查身体成分，胰岛素 刺激的葡萄糖处置（在血糖正常、高胰岛素血症期间 钳），能量代谢，肌肉力量和功率的组成部分， 最大有氧能力和肌肉代谢（纤维类型和大小， 糖原合成酶、糖原含量、GLUT 4 mRNA 几个月的减肥。这项研究将是第一次检查代谢 自由采食和低热量高CHO饮食（具有或 不锻炼）的老年人。 拟议的研究将有 对肥胖症治疗的重要意义及其广泛的 老年人常见的并发症。