To what extent were conflicting ideals of marriage found in conduct literature resolved in lived experience in Seventeenth Century England?

待调查的主题或领域：该项目旨在研究17世纪的婚姻，将生活经验与当时的行为书中给出的建议进行比较。当代的规范性文献指导夫妻如何在婚姻中表现，并概述了配偶角色之间的具体区别。先前进行的研究发现，在这些文献中，行为作家提出的理想存在冲突。人们所提出的对陪伴和爱的需求往往与要求妻子服从的要求相矛盾。同样，“婚姻中的相互关系”理论也被认为与作家们呼吁男性在关系中占主导地位的观点背道而驰。本文旨在研究这些相互冲突的理想如何在生活经验中呈现出来，以及这些不一致的观点在多大程度上得到了解决。有待检验的问题或假设（研究问题或有待解决的问题）：这个项目的第一个目的是研究17和18世纪的男人和女人经历婚姻的方式。这将通过采用情感历史学家使用的方法来实现，以解决婚姻关系中爱情和情感的重要性。其次，它将把这一点与那个时期规范性文学中经常相互冲突的理想进行比较。同样在这项研究中，规范性文献作为产生它的社会的反映的效用将被检查。这些研究目标将通过两个离散组源材料的密切文本分析来实现；引导文献和真实生活经验的证据。在这个项目中，《William Gouge》、《domestic duty》、《Richard Baxter》、《A Christian Directory》等文本将从这一时期创作的广泛的建议文学中得到扩充。在生活经验的来源方面，我将以信件和日记的形式使用个人证据。本研究将利用的一个很好的资源是1500-1950年英国和爱尔兰妇女信件和日记的在线数据库。这是特别有用的，因为它提供了一个女性的视角，而这在当代出版的关于这个主题的文献中是缺乏的，因为行为书籍的作者几乎都是男性。除此之外，私人收藏的日记和信件也将被利用，比如诺丁汉大学的手稿和特别收藏中的玛格丽特·卡文迪什日记和信件。

Topic or area to be investigated:This project aims to examine marriage in the seventeenth century in regards to how lived experience compared to the advice given in conduct books of the time. Contemporary prescriptive literature instructed couples on how to behave within marriage, and outlined advice on the specific distinctions between roles of spouses. Previous research undertaken has found that within this literature there was a conflict of ideals being put forward by conduct writers. Often the proposed need for companionship and love appeared to work at odds to the calls for wifely obedience. Similarly, theories of 'mutuality in marriage' were seen to work against the writers calls for male dominance in relationships. This thesis aims to examine how these conflicting ideals presented themselves in lived experience and to what extent these inconsistent viewpoints were resolved. Problem or hypothesis to be tested (research questions or problem to be addressed):The first aim of this project is to examine the way in which men and women in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries experienced marriage. This will be achieved by adopting the approach used by historians of emotion in order to address the significance of love and affection within marital relationships. Secondly, it will compare this with the often conflicting ideals found in the prescriptive literature of the period. Also within this research, the utility of prescriptive literature as a reflection of the society which produces it will be examined.These research aims will be achieved through close textual analysis of two discrete groups of source material; conduct literature and evidence of real lived experience. Within this project texts such as William Gouge, Domesticall Duties and Richard Baxter, A Christian Directory will be augmented from the extensive range of advice literature created during this period. In terms of sources for lived experience, I will be using personal evidence in the form of letters and diaries. A good resource which will be utilised in this research is the online database of British and Irish Women's Letters and Diaries 1500-1950. This is particularly useful as it provides a perspective from women which is lacking in terms of much of the published contemporary literature on this subject, being as the authorship of the conduct books was almost exclusively male. As well as this, private collections of diaries and letters will be utilised such as the Margaret Cavendish diaries and letters held at the University of Nottingham among their Manuscripts and Special Collections.