VIRUSES AND CANCER

确定病毒致癌的复杂机制需要对至少三个研究领域有广泛的了解：分子和细胞生物学、免疫学和病毒学。拟议培训计划的目标是为研究生和博士后研究员提供一个具有挑战性和丰富的科学环境，在这种环境中，可以在这三个广泛但相互关联的领域进行正式和非正式培训。培训人员的科学兴趣广泛，创造了一个混合的研究领域，其中许多领域结合了病毒系统，以剖析发生在正常细胞和癌细胞之间的分子事件。具体的研究项目包括：(A)分子和细胞生物学--调节细胞生长和基因表达、癌基因、信号转导和肿瘤转化机制；(B)免疫学--表达、癌基因、信号转导和肿瘤转化机制；(B)免疫学；(C)病毒学--用腺病毒、巨细胞病毒、乙肝病毒、单纯疱疹病毒、乳头状瘤病毒、罂粟花病毒和逆转录病毒研究病毒复制、组装、致癌、发病机制、潜伏和基因调控。与拟议培训补助金有关的培训员主要在微生物学和免疫学系担任学术职务。然而，每个培训者都与多个跨学科的研究生项目相关联，这些项目跨越了系和学院的界限。有资格获得培训资助的研究生可能与几个研究生课程之一有关，包括化学生物学、细胞和分子生物学、遗传学、微生物学和免疫学、分子医学和神经科学。培训员有可能从各种不同的项目中招收学生，这有助于确保将有大量高素质的学生可以被任命为培训补助金。针对研究生和博士后研究员的培训计划包括一个动态的研究环境，该环境拥有一流的研究和核心支持设施，以及拥有富有成效和资金充足的研究计划的教职员工研究实验室。各实验室之间以及期刊俱乐部、学生研讨会和访问科学家研讨会计划之间的大量互动进一步加强了研究和培训环境。最后，培训计划中的重点研究领域提供了广泛的基础，有创造力的学生和博士后研究员可以在柑橘和癌症领域的研究方面奠定富有成效的职业生涯。

Defining the complex mechanisms of viral oncogenesis requires a broad understanding in at least three areas of research: molecular and cellular biology, immunology, and virology. It is the goal of the proposed training program to provide graduate students and postdoctoral fellows a challenging and enriched scientific environment in which both formal and informal training within these three broad, but interrelated areas can occur. The breadth of the scientific interests of the training faculty create a blend of research areas, many of which incorporate virus systems to dissect the molecular events that occur within the normal versus the cancer cell. The specific research programs include (a) molecular and cellular biology-regulation of cell growth and gene expression, oncogenes, signal transduction, and mechanisms of neoplastic transformation; (b) immunology-expression, oncogenes, signal transduction, and mechanisms of neoplastic transformation; (b) immunology; and (c) virology-molecular studies of virus replication, assembly, oncogenesis, pathogenesis, latency, and gene regulation using adeno, cytomegalo, hepatitis B, herpes simplex, papilloma, papova, and retroviruses. The trainers associated with the proposed training grant have their primary academic appointments within the Department of Microbiology and Immunology. However, each of the trainers is associated with multiple interdisciplinary graduate programs which cross departmental and college boundaries. Graduate students eligible for appointment on the training grant may be associated with one of several graduate programs including Chemical Biology, Cell and Molecular Biology, Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Molecular Medicine, and Neurosciences. The potential of the trainers to recruit students from such a variety of programs helps to insure that a significant pool of highly qualified students will be available for appointment to the training grant. The training program for graduate students and postdoctoral fellows includes a dynamic research environment that has excellent research and core support facilities and faculty research laboratories with productive and well funded research programs. The research and training environment is further enhanced by numerous interactions among the various laboratories as well as journal clubs, student seminars, and visiting scientist seminar programs. Finally, the research areas of emphasis within the training program provide a broad foundation on which a creative student and postdoctoral fellow can base a productive career in research in the area of citruses and cancer.