NEURAL MECHANISM OF ATTENTIONAL CONTROL AND SELECTION

注意控制和选择的神经机制

• 批准号: 6499218
• 负责人: George R Mangun
• 金额: $ 11.74万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-02-01 至 2002-11-19
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6499218
• 关键词: attention; behavioral /social science research tag; brain circulation; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; clinical research; electrophysiology; evoked potentials; frontal lobe /cortex; functional magnetic resonance imaging; hemodynamics; human subject; neural information processing; parietal lobe /cortex; psychological concentration; visual cortex; visual perception

DESCRIPTION: This K05 Senior Scientist Award proposal is intended to enhance the P.I.'s percent research effort in studies of the neural mechanisms of attentional processes in humans. Attentional mechanisms include the control systems for top-down (voluntary) and bottom-up (reflexive) attention, as well as the modulatory effects these control systems exert on perceptual processes. The goal of this proposal is to combine psychophysical measures, event-related potential (ERP) recording and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fiviRI) in healthy and patient populations to investigate attentional mechanisms. Three main areas of investigation are proposed: (1) Attentional control mechanisms are proposed to involve a variety of brain systems that support different computational operations, yet, little evidence links specific brain system to distinct attentional functions. This proposal will investigate attentional control processes in a variety of paradigms for feature and form-based attention in cortical and subcortical systems using ERP and event-related fMRI methods to isolate activity related to specific aspects of attentional task performance. (2) It is now well accepted that attention can influence neuronal processing in visual cortex, but little is actually known about how these effects are engaged in sensory cortex, or how processing in early visual areas are modulated by various forms of elementary (feature-based) and higher-order (form-based) attentional selection. This proposal will investigate the functional properties of feature and form-based selective attention in functionally-defined visual areas. (3) Neurological damage leads to a variety of attentional disorders. The present proposal will investigate attentional processing in patients with cortical lesions using ERPs to provide a link between neuropsychological research in patients, and psychophysical and functional imaging studies in healthy persons; this research will focus on attentional control mechanisms. A theme of this proposal is the combined use of ERPs and fMRI to provide complementary measures of attentional processes that emphasize temporal and spatial aspects of neural activity, respectively. This proposal will permit the P.I. to dedicate greater effort toward investigating attentional mechanisms, and to advance research productivity by taking full advantage of the P.I.'s new research environment at Duke University. Deficits in attentional function accompany psychiatric and neurological diseases, and thus investigations of the basic mechanisms of brain attention mechanisms will yield essential core knowledge in the effort to characterize, diagnose and treat such conditions in humans.

描述：这项K05高级科学家奖建议旨在增强 P.I.S先生致力于研究精神分裂症的神经机制 人类的注意力过程。注意机制包括控制 自上而下(自愿)和自下而上(反身性)注意的系统也是如此 作为调节作用，这些控制系统对知觉过程施加影响。 这项提议的目标是将心理物理措施、与事件相关的 脑电地形图(ERP)和功能磁共振成像(FIVI) 以研究健康人群和患者的注意机制。三 提出了主要研究方向：(1)注意控制机制 涉及到各种大脑系统，这些系统支持不同的 计算操作，然而，几乎没有证据表明特定的大脑系统与 不同的注意力功能。这项提案将调查注意力 基于特征和形式的各种范例中的控制流程 使用事件相关电位和事件相关功能磁共振对皮质和皮质下系统的注意 分离与注意任务的特定方面相关的活动的方法 性能。(2)注意力可以影响神经元，这一点现在已经被广泛接受 在视觉皮质中进行处理，但实际上人们对这些过程知之甚少 影响涉及感觉皮层，或如何在早期视觉区域进行处理 由各种形式的初级(基于特征)和高阶调制 (基于形式的)注意选择。这项提案将调查 基于特征和形式的选择性注意的功能特性 功能定义的可视区域。(3)神经损伤导致多种 注意力障碍的症状。本提案将调查注意力 使用事件相关电位提供联系的皮质病变患者的处理 在患者的神经心理学研究和心理物理学和 健康人的功能成像研究；这项研究将集中在 注意力控制机制。这项提议的一个主题是结合使用 ERPs和fMRI提供注意过程的补充测量， 分别强调神经活动的时间和空间方面。这 提案将允许私家侦探投入更多精力进行调查 注意机制，并通过充分利用 杜克大学的P.I.S的新研究环境的优势。不足 在注意力功能上伴随精神和神经疾病，以及 因此，对大脑注意机制基本机制的研究将 提供必要的核心知识，以确定、诊断和 在人类身上治疗这种情况。