NEUROBIOLOGY OF COGNITIVE GAINS WITH OPIATE MAINTENANCE

阿片维持认知增益的神经生物学

• 批准号: 6515619
• 负责人: STEVEN D. FORMAN
• 金额: $ 4.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-05-01 至 2004-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6515619
• 关键词: bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain electrical activity; clinical research; cognition; drug abuse; drug abuse chemotherapy; electrophysiology; functional magnetic resonance imaging; heroin; human subject; laboratory rat; longitudinal human study; methadone; neural information processing; neurobiology; neurochemistry; prefrontal lobe /cortex

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) We propose a longitudinal study to monitor prefrontal cortical functioning in 56 heroin-dependent patients during the course of opiate maintenance. Using a newly developed variant of the Go/No Go task and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we will assess whether prefrontal cortical activity increases with clinical improvement, both in dorsolateral regions associated with delay-dependent processing and in ventral areas associated with inhibitory processing. We will additionally use a combined fMRI/microdialysis system in a rat model to measure the neurochemical changes in those relevant brain areas identified in the clinical investigation. Heroin dependence remains a major public health problem in the United States. Opiate maintenance is the most effective treatment modality with an estimated 115,000 individuals currently receiving methadone maintenance (IOM Report, 1995). Despite its demonstrable effectiveness and widespread use, very little is known about the cognitive effects of chronic methadone. We know that opiate maintenance treatment allows opiate addicts to cease their relentless search for illicit opiates, accompanied by psychosocial stabilization in a number of domains including decreased criminal activity, increased productivity, increased employment and educational pursuits. Clinically, as the destabilized lifestyle of the addict is marked by impulsivity (by diagnostic definition), it appears apparent that clinical improvement must be accompanied by improvements in this cognitive characteristic. Opposition to opiate maintenance has always arisen from the view that opiate maintenance merely swaps one abused narcotic for another. From both a clinical and sociopolitical standpoint it is obviously relevant to establish that opiate maintenance treats a cognitive deficit induced by previous illicit opiate abuse. We have found no study addressing whether and how opiate maintenance affects impulsivity.

描述：(申请人摘要) 我们建议进行一项纵向研究来监测前额叶皮质功能。 在56例海洛因依赖者的阿片类药物维持过程中。 使用一种新开发的Go/No Go任务和功能磁力 磁共振成像(FMRI)，我们将评估前额叶皮质 随着临床症状的改善，活动增加，背外侧区也是如此 与延迟相关的加工有关，在相关的腹侧区域 有抑制性的加工。我们还将使用组合的 功能磁共振成像/微透析系统在大鼠神经化学检测中的应用 临床上发现的相关脑区的变化 调查。 海洛因依赖仍然是美国的一个主要公共卫生问题 各州。阿片类药物维持是最有效的治疗方式 估计有115,000人目前正在接受美沙酮维持治疗(IOM 1995年的报告)。尽管其明显的有效性和广泛的使用， 人们对慢性美沙酮的认知影响知之甚少。我们 知道阿片维持治疗可以让阿片成瘾者停止他们的 坚持不懈地寻找非法鸦片类药物，并伴随着心理社会 一些领域的稳定，包括犯罪活动的减少， 提高了生产率，增加了就业和教育追求。 在临床上，由于吸毒者不稳定的生活方式的特点是 冲动(根据诊断定义)，临床上似乎很明显 改进必须伴随着这种认知的改进 很有特色。反对维持鸦片类药物的声音总是来自 认为鸦片维持只是用一种滥用的麻醉剂交换另一种。 从临床和社会政治的角度来看，这显然是相关的 要确定阿片类药物维持治疗由 以前的非法阿片类药物滥用。我们还没有发现有研究表明 以及鸦片类药物的维持如何影响冲动。