ACCURACY OF RECALL OF CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION

智力低下儿童的回忆准确性

• 批准号: 6591973
• 负责人: Maggie Bruck
• 金额: $ 14.13万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-01 至 2004-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6591973
• 关键词: age difference; audiotape; child psychology; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; memory; mental retardation; middle childhood (6-11); psychological tests; social conformity; suggestion; videotape /videodisc

DESCRIPTION: In most theoretical models, memory mechanisms involved in encoding, storage, and retrieval of information, as well as psychosocial characteristics associated with compliance and acquiescence are assumed to play an important causative role in autobiographical recall and suggestibility. Because children with mental retardation (MR) display a number of basic memory deficits and are also often compliant and acquiescent, they should have poor recall of their past and be highly suggestible. However, little is known about these aspects of memory in children with MR. The present proposal attempts to fill in these gaps by drawing on the substantial developmental literature on the accuracy of recall of personally experienced events and the suggestive factors that distort the recall of children with normal intelligence. Two longitudinal, cross-sectional studies, with similar designs are proposed. In both studies recall and suggestibility of children between the ages of 7 and 10 with mild retardation with no known etiology (idiopathic) will be compared to children with normal intelligence who are either matched for chronological or for mental age. Study 1 examines autobiographical recall and misinformation effects. Study 2 examines autobiographical recall and interrogative suggestibility. In both studies, children participate in a staged event. At various delay periods after the event, children recall the event and are also suggestively interviewed. Traditional memory tasks and social compliance tasks are also administered. The data will be analyzed to examine (a) the completeness and accuracy of recall of children with MR, (b) suggestibility of children with MR, (c) developmental changes in recall and suggestibility of children with MR, and (d) the relationships between traditional memory tests and tests of compliance with suggestibility and autobiographical recall. The results of the study will address important clinical concerns and theoretical issues. First, they will provide medical, forensic, mental health and educational professionals with scientific data on the interviewing strategies that allow children with MR to provide the most accurate and complete accounts of their past experiences. The results will begin to provide a scientific foundation for the construction of standardized schedules or guidelines for interviewing children with MR about their past experiences. At present, no such instruments exist. On a theoretical level, the results of the study will provide data on the role that cognitive and psychosocial factors play in autobiographical memory and suggestibility.

描述：在大多数理论模型中， 编码，存储和检索信息，以及心理社会 与顺从和默许相关的特征被认为是起作用的 在自传体回忆和记忆力中起着重要的因果作用。 因为智力迟钝的儿童表现出一些基本的记忆， 缺陷，也往往是顺从和默许，他们应该有穷人 回忆过去，是一件很有意义的事。然而，人们对 这些方面的记忆在儿童与MR。目前的建议试图 通过利用大量的发展文献， 个人经历的事件的回忆的准确性和暗示性 这些因素扭曲了智力正常儿童的回忆。 两个纵向，横断面研究，类似的设计。 在这两项研究中，7岁至10岁的儿童的回忆和记忆能力都得到了提高。 将比较10例病因不明的轻度发育迟缓（特发性） 对于智力正常的儿童，他们要么在时间顺序上匹配 或心理年龄。研究1考察自传体回忆和错误信息 方面的影响.研究2考察了自传体回忆和疑问句 可消化性。在这两项研究中，孩子们都参加了一个阶段性的活动。在 事件发生后的各种延迟期，儿童回忆起事件， 接受采访。传统记忆任务和社会顺从任务 也被施用。将对数据进行分析，以检查（a） （B）MR儿童回忆的完整性和准确性， 儿童与MR，（c）发展变化的回忆和记忆能力， MR儿童，以及（d）传统记忆测试之间的关系 以及对暗示性和自传体回忆的依从性测试。 研究结果将解决重要的临床问题， 理论问题。首先，他们将提供医疗，法医，心理健康 和教育专业人士的科学数据的采访 策略，让MR儿童提供最准确， 他们过去经历的完整记录。结果将开始提供 建立标准化时间表的科学基础，或 关于MR儿童过去经历的访谈指南。在 目前还没有这样的文书。在理论层面上， 研究将提供有关认知和心理社会因素 发挥自传体记忆和可消化性。