ACCURACY OF RECALL OF CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION

智力低下儿童的回忆准确性

• 批准号: 6637962
• 负责人: Maggie Bruck
• 金额: $ 50.04万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-01 至 2006-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6637962
• 关键词: age difference; audiotape; child psychology; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; memory; mental retardation; middle childhood (6-11); psychological tests; social conformity; suggestion; videotape /videodisc

DESCRIPTION: In most theoretical models, memory mechanisms involved in encoding, storage, and retrieval of information, as well as psychosocial characteristics associated with compliance and acquiescence are assumed to play an important causative role in autobiographical recall and suggestibility. Because children with mental retardation (MR) display a number of basic memory deficits and are also often compliant and acquiescent, they should have poor recall of their past and be highly suggestible. However, little is known about these aspects of memory in children with MR. The present proposal attempts to fill in these gaps by drawing on the substantial developmental literature on the accuracy of recall of personally experienced events and the suggestive factors that distort the recall of children with normal intelligence. Two longitudinal, cross-sectional studies, with similar designs are proposed. In both studies recall and suggestibility of children between the ages of 7 and 10 with mild retardation with no known etiology (idiopathic) will be compared to children with normal intelligence who are either matched for chronological or for mental age. Study 1 examines autobiographical recall and misinformation effects. Study 2 examines autobiographical recall and interrogative suggestibility. In both studies, children participate in a staged event. At various delay periods after the event, children recall the event and are also suggestively interviewed. Traditional memory tasks and social compliance tasks are also administered. The data will be analyzed to examine (a) the completeness and accuracy of recall of children with MR, (b) suggestibility of children with MR, (c) developmental changes in recall and suggestibility of children with MR, and (d) the relationships between traditional memory tests and tests of compliance with suggestibility and autobiographical recall. The results of the study will address important clinical concerns and theoretical issues. First, they will provide medical, forensic, mental health and educational professionals with scientific data on the interviewing strategies that allow children with MR to provide the most accurate and complete accounts of their past experiences. The results will begin to provide a scientific foundation for the construction of standardized schedules or guidelines for interviewing children with MR about their past experiences. At present, no such instruments exist. On a theoretical level, the results of the study will provide data on the role that cognitive and psychosocial factors play in autobiographical memory and suggestibility.

描述：在大多数理论模型中，涉及的记忆机制 信息的编码，存储和检索以及社会心理 假定与合规性和默认相关的特征可以发挥作用 在自传召回和建议性中的重要原因作用。 因为智力低下的孩子（MR）表现出许多基本记忆 赤字且经常符合和默许，他们应该很差 回顾他们的过去，并强烈暗示。但是，对 儿童与MR的记忆方面的这些方面。目前的提议试图 通过利用有关大量发展文献来填补这些空白 召回个人经验的事件的准确性和暗示性 扭曲正常智力儿童的召回的因素。 提出了两项​​具有相似设计的纵向横断面研究。 在两项研究中，召回和7岁之间儿童的暗示性 10将比较没有已知病因（特发性）的轻度迟缓 给有正常智力的儿童，他们要么按时间顺序匹配 或精神年龄。研究1检查自传召回和错误信息 效果。研究2检查自传召回和疑问 建议性。在这两项研究中，儿童都参加了一场演出。在 活动结束后的各个延迟期，孩子们回想起活动，也是 暗示性采访。传统的记忆任务和社会合规任务 也被管理。将分析数据以检查（a） MR的召回召回的完整性和准确性，（b） MR，（c）回忆的发展变化和暗示性的儿童 MR和（D）传统记忆测试之间的关系 以及遵守建议性和自传召回的测试。 该研究的结果将解决重要的临床问题和 理论问题。首先，他们将提供医学，法医，心理健康 以及具有有关访谈的科学数据的教育专业人员 允许儿童提供最准确和最准确的策略 完整说明了他们过去的经历。结果将开始提供 构建标准化时间表的科学基础或 针对儿童与先生采访的指南有关他们过去的经历。在 目前，没有这样的工具。从理论层面上， 研究将提供有关认知和社会心理因素的作用的数据 播放自传记忆和建议性。