Developmental Pathways of Adolescent Drug Abuse

描述(由申请者提供)：该独立科学家奖(K02)是为申请者提供的，旨在获得必要的技能，以加强对青少年药物使用行为(包括物质使用障碍)的发展途径的研究，特别是对长期途径的关注。K02所提供的密集学习时间将允许申请者通过课程作业、研讨会和咨询该领域的专家来获得科学技能。具体地说，职业发展计划将加强对当前数据的分析和对现有预期样本的未来研究的发展，重点是在以下方面获得彻底的基础：(A)先进的统计建模技术和相关方法问题；(B)与青壮年有关的理论基础和相关模型；(C)创新的短期干预战略作为预防复吸战略的作用，这些战略针对正在从既往药物使用障碍中恢复的青年。 增强的统计技能将应用于明尼苏达大学的预期纵向数据集以及其他国家数据集。当地数据代表了两个青年群体：高危群体和物质使用障碍(SUD)群体。高危人群包括在童年时期被诊断为ADHD、品行障碍(CD)/对立违抗障碍(ODD)或两者兼有的青少年。这些年轻人中的一些人要么在青春期就患上了sud，而另一些人则面临着较晚发病的sud的风险。第二个数据集，SUD组，由青少年时期诊断并治疗SUD的青少年组成，对他们来说，ADHD和CD/ODD是常见的共病。后一组研究与青年进入成年期的SUD病程相关。两个样本都有在年龄、性别、种族和SES方面匹配的正常组，用于比较分析。根据到目前为止的经验发现，具体的假设集中在外化障碍(例如ADHD和CD/ODD)作为青少年药物使用行为发展路径的可能预测、后果或调节因素。在假设检验中，选择的个人因素(心理困扰)和环境因素(同龄人的药物使用、育儿方式和治疗经验)也将被考虑在内。 该奖项的目的是通过澄清破坏性行为的作用来推进青少年物质使用障碍的原因和后果的研究，该奖项将有助于提高研究人员在研究青少年患有SUD的风险或经历过青少年起病的SUD的长期过程中的技能。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This independent scientist award (K02) is proposed for the applicant to acquire necessary skills for enhancing work on the developmental pathways of adolescent drug use behaviors including substance use disorders (SUD), with a particular focus on long-term pathways. The intensive period of study afforded by a K02 will permit the applicant to gain scientific skills via coursework, workshops and consultations with experts in the field. Specifically, the career development plan will enhance the analysis of current data and the development of future studies of existing prospective samples by focusing on the acquisition of a thorough foundation in (a) advanced statistical modeling techniques and related methodological issues; (b) the theoretical underpinnings and relevant models associated with young adulthood, the development period from the late teens through the twenties; and (c) the role of innovative brief intervention strategies as relapse prevention strategies for youth who are recovering from a prior substance use disorder. The enhanced statistical skills will be applied to prospective longitudinal data sets at the University of Minnesota, as well as other national data sets. The local data represent two youth groups: an at-risk group and a substance use disorder (SUD) group. The at-risk group consists of teenagers who were diagnosed with ADHD, Conduct Disorder (CD)/Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) or both during childhood. Some of these youth have either developed an SUD during adolescence whereas others are at-risk for developing a later-onset SUD. The second data set, the SUD group, consists of adolescents who were diagnosed with and treated for a SUD as a teenager and for whom ADHD and CD/ODD are common comorbidities. This latter group is relevant to the study of the course of SUD as the youth age toward young adulthood. Both samples have normal groups matched on age, gender, race, and SES fo use in comparative analyses. Based on empirical findings to date, the specific hypotheses focus on externalizing disorders (e.g. ADHD and CD/ODD) as possible predictors, consequences, or moderators of the developmental pathways of adolescent drug use behaviors. Select personal (psychological distress) and environmental (drug use by peers, parenting practices, and treatment experiences) factors will be considered in hypothesis testing as well. The aims of this award will advance research on the cause and consequences of adolescent substance use disorders by clarifying the role of disruptive behaviors, and the award will help enhance the investigator's skills in researching the long-term course of adolescents who are either at-risk for developing an SUD or have experienced an adolescent-onset SUD.