Microtubule Motors and Chemosensory Behavior

微管马达和化学感应行为

• 批准号: 6543925
• 负责人: Jonathan M. Scholey
• 金额: $ 30.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-05-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6543925
• 关键词: Caenorhabditis elegans; biological signal transduction; cilium /flagellum motility; dendrites; electron microscopy; fluorescence microscopy; gene targeting; kinesin; matrix assisted laser desorption ionization; microtubule associated protein; neural information processing; neuronal transport; protein binding; protein structure function; sensory mechanism; synaptic vesicles; western blottings

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neurons are highly polarized cells that are specialized for information processing in the nervous system and depend upon microtubule (MT)- based transport systems for their assembly, maintenance and function. For example, chemosensory neurons in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, are bipolar cells that use ciliated dendrites to detect chemicals in the environment (e.g. chemoattractants released by their bacterial food) and that transmit signals from their axons to coordinate the appropriate motile response (e.g. movement towards the source of the chemoattractant). We hypothesize that the formation and function of dendrites and sensory cilia on these chemosensory neurons depend upon MT-based intradendritic and intraciliary transport driven by two heteromeric kinesins, heterotrimeric kinesin-ll and dimeric Osm-3, whereas neurotransmission depends upon axonal transport driven, in part, by the monomeric kinesin, Unc-104. To test this hypothesis, the specific aims are: 1. To use EM and an in vivo transport assay to characterize the basic transport apparatus (i.e. motors, MT tracks and transport rafts/vesicles) operating in chemosensory neurons. 2. To dissect the functional relationships between the kinesin-Il and Osm-3 transport pathways in the formation and function of dendrites and sensory cilia. 3. To dissect the roles of Unc-104 in the binding and axonal transport of synaptic vesicles. 4. To study the relationship between intraciliary transport and chemosensory behavior of the adult C. elegans. Collectively, these studies will improve our understanding of the role of MT-based transport in the formation and function of neurons and in the control of the behavior of a primitive metazoan.

描述（由申请人提供）：神经元是高度极化的细胞，专门用于神经系统中的信息处理，并依赖于基于微管（MT）的运输系统进行组装、维护和功能。例如，线虫中的化学感受神经元，秀丽隐杆线虫，是双极细胞，使用纤毛树突来检测环境中的化学物质（例如，由其细菌食物释放的化学引诱物），并从其轴突传递信号以协调适当的运动反应（例如，朝向化学引诱物的来源移动）。我们假设，这些化学感觉神经元上的树突和感觉纤毛的形成和功能取决于基于MT的树突内和纤毛内运输驱动的两个异聚体驱动蛋白，异三聚体驱动蛋白-II和二聚体Osm-3，而神经传递依赖于轴突运输驱动，部分由单体驱动蛋白，Unc-104。为了检验这一假设，具体目标是： 1.使用EM和体内转运试验来表征在化学感受神经元中运行的基本转运装置（即马达、MT轨道和转运筏/囊泡）。 2.探讨驱动蛋白-II和Osm-3转运通路在树突和感觉纤毛形成和功能中的作用关系。 3.探讨Unc-104在突触囊泡结合和轴突转运中的作用。 4.目的：研究成虫纤毛内转运与化学感受行为的关系。优美的 总的来说，这些研究将提高我们对基于MT的运输在神经元的形成和功能以及控制原始后生动物行为中的作用的理解。