Molecular evolution and adaptation of ranavirus

宿主范围广泛的传染病的出现可能对人口产生巨大影响，并对生物多样性构成威胁。近年来，两栖动物在全球范围内经历了巨大的线条；其中一个原因是属于RanaVirus属的一组病原体。轮状病毒能够感染跨越鱼类、爬行动物和两栖动物的广泛宿主范围，它们正在向以前未被发现的地区扩展，并具有一系列病毒物种，使其成为世界动物卫生组织应通报的病原体。随着欧洲各地出现谱系，以及最近发现了亚临床感染的能力，我们对这些新出现的病原体有了更多的了解。尽管RANA病毒已被确定为全球死亡事件的原因，但由于缺乏病毒特性，对其宿主和地理范围的了解受到阻碍。亚临床感染是指根据传播方式重新评估RANA病毒的流行情况，即RANA病毒每年是否由于长期存在的隐蔽感染而再次出现，它们是否应对病毒在全球范围内的传播负责，以及病毒特征，即亚临床感染是否由新的RANAV物种引起？我的博士研究将围绕这些问题，着眼于英国和动物贸易中的携带者，并以前所未有的规模产生新的基因组数据，这些数据将填补重建物种和地方之间跳跃进化史所需的缺失缺口。

The emergence of infectious disease with a broad host range can have a vast impact onpopulations and is a threat to biodiversity. In recent years, amphibians have experienced hugedeclines on a global level; one of the reasons for this are a group of pathogens belonging tothe genus Ranavirus. Ranaviruses have the ability to infect a broad host range spanning fish,reptiles and amphibians, they are expanding to regions previously undetected and have adiverse range of viral species making them OIE notifiable pathogens. With lineages emergingacross Europe, and the recent discovery of the capability for subclinical infections, it isimperative that we understand more about these emerging pathogens.Although ranaviruses have been identified as the cause of mortality events across the globe,understanding their host and geographical range is hampered by a lack of viralcharacterisation. Subclinical infections mean a reassessment of ranaviral prevalence, on themodes of transmission i.e. is the re-occurrence of ranaviruses each year due to long-standingcryptic infections, are they responsible for the spread of the virus globally, and viralcharacterisation i.e. are subclinical infections caused by new ranavirus species? Mydoctoral research will centre around these questions looking at carriers, both in the UK and in the animal trade, as well as generate new genomic data, on an unprecedented scale, that will provide the missing gaps needed to reconstruct the evolutionary history of jumps between species and localities.