ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF BELIEF CERTAINTY

信念确定性的前因和后果

• 批准号: 6490812
• 负责人: WILLIAM B SWANN
• 金额: $ 23.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-01-01 至 2004-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6490812
• 关键词: attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; cognition; data collection methodology /evaluation; dyadic interaction; friendships; gender difference; human subject; impression; interpersonal relations; judgment; motivation; prejudice; questionnaires; self concept; social behavior; social perception; statistics /biometry; video recording system

The proposed research examines the links between belief certainty and several important phenomena, including error in person perception, stereotyping, and low self-esteem. Section I follows up on preliminary studies of dating couples and college roommates indicating that as time and involvement in their relationships increase, they become increasingly certain of their beliefs about their partners with no concomitant increase in the accuracy of these beliefs. It is proposed that these effects exemplify a more general set of phenomena in which factors that make our beliefs richer foster confidence but not necessarily accuracy. The proposed studies will test this hypothesis and identify its range of applicability. Section II focuses on whether or not the model of belief certainty developed in Section I applies to social stereotypes. One study attempts to resolve an apparent contradiction between my model and past research on the certainty of social stereotypes. Another study will test the hypothesis that unmitigated losses of belief certainty increase prejudice. Yet another study will consider the counter-intuitive notion that providing prejudiced people with support for a stereotype may increase their tendency to individuate a member of a stereotyped group. The final study in this series will test the hypothesis that temporary loses in self-certainty within some domains will make people more likely to confirm the stereotype-based expectancies of perceivers. The third and final set of studies will examine the antecedents and consequences of self-certainty. Two studies will examine the cognitive and motivational antecedents of self-certainty. Another study will follow up on preliminary evidence that self-uncertainty and the low self-esteem it theoretically fosters can be eliminated by bolstering people's sense of self-certainty through confirmation of their negative as well as positive self-views. Studies are proposed to examine more directly the hypothesized confidence-bolstering effects of information that confirms people's self-views and specify how increasing self- certainty bolsters self-esteem.

拟议的研究考察了信念确定性之间的联系

项目成果

The precarious couple effect: verbally inhibited men + critical, disinhibited women = bad chemistry.

不稳定的夫妻效应：言语压抑的男性挑剔，女性不拘束=糟糕的化学反应。

• DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.85.6.1095
• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Journal of personality and social psychology
• 影响因子: 7.6
• 作者: Swann,WilliamB;Rentfrow,PeterJ;Gosling,SamuelD
• 通讯作者: Gosling,SamuelD

Should we create a niche or fall in line? Identity negotiation and small group effectiveness.

• DOI: 10.1037//0022-3514.79.2.238
• 发表时间: 2000-08
• 期刊: Journal of personality and social psychology
• 影响因子: 7.6
• 作者: W. Swann;L. Milton;Jeffrey T. Polzer

On what it means to know someone: a matter of pragmatics.

关于认识某人意味着什么：一个实用主义问题。

• DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.86.3.405
• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Journal of personality and social psychology
• 影响因子: 7.6
• 作者: Gill,MichaelJ;SwannJr,WilliamB
• 通讯作者: SwannJr,WilliamB

Tempting today, troubling tomorrow: the roots of the precarious couple effect.

今天诱人，明天麻烦：不稳定夫妻效应的根源。

• DOI: 10.1177/0146167205279584
• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Personality & social psychology bulletin
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: SwannJr,WilliamB;Sellers,JenniferGuinn;McClarty,KatieLarsen
• 通讯作者: McClarty,KatieLarsen

Blirtatiousness: cognitive, behavioral, and physiological consequences of rapid responding.

轻浮：快速反应的认知、行为和生理后果。

• 发表时间: 2001
• 期刊: Journal of personality and social psychology
• 影响因子: 7.6
• 作者: SwannJr,WB;Rentfrow,PJ
• 通讯作者: Rentfrow,PJ