CANCER PREVENTION AND CONTROL

癌症预防和控制项目由26个参与成员组成，代表了870万美元的年度直接成本（990万美元的总成本）的同行评审资金总额。在过去两年中，其成员共发表了123篇与癌症相关的同行评议出版物，其中33%是规划内和规划间的合作。该规划由4个子规划组成，分别是：烟草控制；营养;癌症流行病学和健康教育/社区外展。该项目的目标集中于研究，以促进整体降低癌症发病率、死亡率和发病率。在美国，吸烟是导致癌症的最重要的单一原因。因此，这个子项目的成员专注于吸烟的行为流行病学，并在确定与吸烟开始和戒烟有关的因素方面取得了重大进展。营养子项目研究饮食在癌症发生和发展中的作用，并以两项大型多学科干预研究为特色：一项关于乳腺癌复发，另一项关于结肠腺瘤性息肉复发。健康，包括对癌症发病率的影响，并提出了一些主要假设，目前正在由妇女健康倡议（加州大学圣地亚哥分校是一个网站）进行测试。健康教育和社区外展在减少癌症对人口的影响方面尤为重要。这个子项目已经开发出了许多经过验证的有效方法，用于说服圣地亚哥和帝国县的少数民族和文化少数群体以及经济上处于不利地位的社区参与癌症筛查项目和临床试验。

The Cancer Prevention & Control Program consists of 26 Participating Members, representing total peer-reviewed funding for $8.7 Million in annual direct costs ($9.9 Million in total costs). During the last two years, its Members were responsible for a total of 123 cancer-relevant, peer- reviewed publications 33% of which were intra- and inter-programmatic collaborations. This Program is comprised of 4 sub-programs, which are: Tobacco Control; Nutrition; Cancer Epidemiology and Health Education/Community Outreach. The goals of the Program focus on research to promote overall reductions in cancer incidence, mortality and morbidity. Tobacco usage is the most important single cause of cancer in the United States. Consequently members of this sub-program have focused on the behavioral epidemiology of smoking and have made major progress in identifying factors associated with smoking initiation and cessation. The Nutrition sub-program studies the role of diet in cancer onset and progression, and features two large multi-disciplinary intervention studies: one on breast cancer recurrence and the other on recurrence of colonic adenomatous polyps. The health including effects upon cancer incidence, and has developed some of the major hypotheses currently being tested by the women's Health Initiative (UCSD is a site). Health Education and Community Outreach are exceptionally important in diminishing the impact of cancer on the population. This sub-program has developed a number of proven, effective methods for persuading ethnic and cultural minorities and financially disadvantaged sections of the community in San Diego and Imperial counties to participate in cancer screening programs and clinical trials.