Parenting To Prevent Problem Behaviors

描述(由申请人提供)： 父母的吸烟行为和一些一般的育儿做法 与青少年成为吸烟者的可能性有关。 青春期早期似乎是瞄准目标的最佳发育时期 减少青少年问题行为的父母做法。建议进行的研究 是一项电话咨询干预的随机对照试验 旨在影响育儿实践，此前已证明会影响 迟缓的吸烟。与2000个12-14岁的家庭合作 青少年，这一干预旨在适应有效的校本 计划(青少年过渡计划--ATP)进入社区环境， 使用计算机辅助电话咨询结构化方案。我们有 此前证明，这种类型的电话咨询是一种有效的 影响其他类型的健康行为的方式。无论是ATP还是我们的其他人 电话咨询计划是基于认知社会的原则 学习理论和激励性访谈。 我们将从以人口为基础的代表性调查中招募家庭 加州人。干预目标是父母将保持一般 保护性育儿做法，如监测和设定限制 在与青少年的响应性关系中的自主性至少通过 年龄16岁。此外，干预将鼓励家长积极参与。 与加州烟草控制计划合作促进无烟 规范和无烟环境，并在提高吸烟率 与烟草控制有关的做法，包括：a)与强有力的父母沟通 反对吸烟行为的期望，b)建立无烟家庭，c) 在同伴使用或促进使用烟草时进行监测和干预，以及 D)促进减少需求战略，以降低青少年对 烟草行业推介活动。 两个研究组对干预依从性的初步评估 以及改变吸烟行为的有效性将来自 对青少年的年度调查。使用这些数据，我们将确定 干预与以下方面的比例显著降低有关 尝试吸烟的15-16岁青少年，以及 降低他们成为未来依赖型吸烟者的可能性。 我们将使用对青少年和父母的调查来描述自然 青春期保护性育儿的历史。我们将确定 与这些一般保护性育儿做法相关的因素和 实施这些做法的障碍。这些调查还将使我们能够 描述父母如何实施最佳烟草控制的自然历史 为人父母的做法，找出这种做法的潜在障碍，以及 开发潜在的有效方法来克服这些障碍。

Description (provided by applicant): Parental smoking behavior and a number of general parenting practices have been associated with the probability that an adolescent will become a.smoker. Early adolescence appears to be an optimal developmental time for targeting parental practices to reduce adolescent problem behavior. The proposed study is a randomized, controlled trial of a telephone counseling intervention designed to affect parenting practices previously demonstrated to influence a dolescent smoking. Working with 2000 families with 12-14 year old adolescents, this intervention seeks to adapt an effective school-based program (The Adolescent Transition Program--ATP) into a community setting, using a computer assisted telephone counseling structured protocol. We have previously demonstrated that this type of telephone counseling is an effective way to influence other types of health behavior. Both the ATP and our other telephone counseling programs are based on the principles of cognitive social learning theory and motivational interviewing. We will enroll households from a population-based representative survey of Californians. Intervention goals are that parents will maintain general protective parenting practices, such as monitoring and setting limits to autonomy within a responsive relationship with the adolescent through at least age 16 years. Further, the intervention will encourage parents actively partner with the California Tobacco Control Program in promoting nonsmoking norms and nonsmoking environment, and in increasing the rate of adoption of tobacco control related practices including, a) communicating strong parental expectations against smoking behavior, b) establishing a smoke-free home, c) monitoring and intervening when peers use or promote the use of tobacco, and d) promoting demand reduction strategies to reduce adolescent receptivity to tobacco industry promotional activity. The primary assessment of adherence to the intervention in both study groups as well as the effectiveness in changing smoking behavior will come from annual surveys of adolescents. Using these data, we will identify whether the intervention is associated with a significant reduction in the proportion of 15-16 year old adolescents who have experimented with smoking, as well as a reduction in the probability that they will be future dependent smokers. We will use surveys of both adolescents and parents to describe the natural history of protective parenting during the adolescent years. We will identify factors associated with these general protective parenting practices and barriers to implementing these practices. The surveys will also allow us to describe the natural history of how parents implement optimal tobacco control parenting practices, identify potential barriers to such practices, and develop potentially effective ways for overcoming these barriers.