CORE--SOCIOECOLOGY OF VERTEBRATE LIFE SPANS

核心--脊椎动物寿命的社会生态学

• 批准号: 6594737
• 负责人: JAMES R. CAREY
• 金额: $ 17.85万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-01 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6594737
• 关键词: animal mortality; behavioral /social science; biomedical facility; computers; ecology; human mortality; information systems; longevity; population genetics; sociology /anthropology; species difference

Abstract: DESCRIPTION: (adapted from the application): Although humans live some of the absolute longest documented lives of any mammal, they are not unique in having unusually long lives for body size. Humans, as primates, are heirs to long relative life spans (life span exceeding that predicted by body size) and only when human life spans reach 85-100 years do they significantly exceed primate expectations. To understand the evolution of relatively long lives in humans they must be situated in a more general framework of species potentias for prolonged life span. Interspecific comparisons provide a method for observing historical processes influencing life span over an evolutionary time scale. This project has 3 specific aims of database development and descriptive analyses. First, develop a taxonomically broad database including maximum reported life spans, and life history and socioecological characteristics of species. This database also will allow description of the distribution of variability in patterns of life span across broad phylogenetic groups. Second, conduct phylogenetically, sensitive correlational analyses of sociological and ecological characteristics associated with prolonged relative life spans vertebrates. Analyses of the associations of socio-ecological characteristics with relatively long life spans while controlling for phylogenetic relatedness will provide an evolutionary context in which to model the evolution of longevity in Homo sapiens. The size and breadth of the database will facilitate identification of socioecological correlations with relatively small effect sizes. Results using_the broadly available "maximum reported life span" will be compared with results from sub samples of species for which life table quality data is available. Third, place the evolution of prolonged human life span in the context of other species exhibiting prolonged relative life spans. Specifically, estimate the extent to which longevity is "unusually prolonged" relative to phlogenetic relatives (hominids; primates; mammals; homeothermic vertebrates) and determine the extent to which the social and ecological correlates of longevity in other taxa are replicated or differ in the evolution of human longevity.

摘要：产品说明：（改编自应用程序）：虽然人类生活的一些绝对最长的记录生活的任何哺乳动物，他们并不是唯一的身体尺寸有异常长的寿命。 人类作为灵长类动物，是相对寿命长的继承者（寿命超过身体尺寸预测的寿命），只有当人类寿命达到85-100岁时，他们才显着超过灵长类动物的预期。 为了理解人类相对长寿的进化，必须将它们置于一个更普遍的物种延长寿命潜力的框架中。种间比较提供了一种方法来观察历史进程的影响寿命的进化时间尺度。该项目有三个具体目标：数据库开发和描述性分析。 首先，建立一个分类学上广泛的数据库，包括报告的最长寿命、物种的生活史和社会生态特征。 这个数据库也将允许分布的变异性分布的寿命跨越广泛的系统发育组。第二，对与脊椎动物相对寿命延长相关的社会学和生态学特征进行遗传学上敏感的相关分析。 分析的社会生态特征与相对较长的寿命，同时控制系统发育相关性的协会将提供一个进化的背景下，在其中建模的进化寿命在智人。 该数据库的规模和广度将有助于识别社会生态相关性相对较小的影响大小。 使用广泛可用的“报告的最长寿命”得出的结果将与生命表质量数据可用的物种子样本得出的结果进行比较。 第三，将人类寿命延长的进化放在其他物种相对寿命延长的背景下。具体而言，估计寿命是“异常延长”相对于亲缘（原始人;灵长类动物;哺乳动物;恒温脊椎动物）的程度，并确定在何种程度上的社会和生态相关的长寿在其他类群复制或不同的进化人类寿命。