CORE--SOCIOECOLOGY OF VERTEBRATE LIFE SPANS

核心--脊椎动物寿命的社会生态学

• 批准号: 6563284
• 负责人: JAMES R. CAREY
• 金额: $ 17.85万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-02-01 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6563284
• 关键词: animal mortality; behavioral /social science; biomedical facility; computers; ecology; human mortality; information systems; longevity; population genetics; sociology /anthropology; species difference

Abstract: DESCRIPTION: (adapted from the application): Although humans live some of the absolute longest documented lives of any mammal, they are not unique in having unusually long lives for body size. Humans, as primates, are heirs to long relative life spans (life span exceeding that predicted by body size) and only when human life spans reach 85-100 years do they significantly exceed primate expectations. To understand the evolution of relatively long lives in humans they must be situated in a more general framework of species potentias for prolonged life span. Interspecific comparisons provide a method for observing historical processes influencing life span over an evolutionary time scale. This project has 3 specific aims of database development and descriptive analyses. First, develop a taxonomically broad database including maximum reported life spans, and life history and socioecological characteristics of species. This database also will allow description of the distribution of variability in patterns of life span across broad phylogenetic groups. Second, conduct phylogenetically, sensitive correlational analyses of sociological and ecological characteristics associated with prolonged relative life spans vertebrates. Analyses of the associations of socio-ecological characteristics with relatively long life spans while controlling for phylogenetic relatedness will provide an evolutionary context in which to model the evolution of longevity in Homo sapiens. The size and breadth of the database will facilitate identification of socioecological correlations with relatively small effect sizes. Results using_the broadly available "maximum reported life span" will be compared with results from sub samples of species for which life table quality data is available. Third, place the evolution of prolonged human life span in the context of other species exhibiting prolonged relative life spans. Specifically, estimate the extent to which longevity is "unusually prolonged" relative to phlogenetic relatives (hominids; primates; mammals; homeothermic vertebrates) and determine the extent to which the social and ecological correlates of longevity in other taxa are replicated or differ in the evolution of human longevity.

摘要：描述：(改编自应用程序)：尽管人类的寿命是所有哺乳动物中有记录以来最长的，但他们并不是唯一拥有超长寿命的体型。作为灵长类动物，人类是相对长寿的继承人(寿命超过了身体大小预测的寿命)，只有当人类的寿命达到85-100岁时，他们才会显著超过灵长类的预期。为了了解人类相对较长寿命的进化，它们必须处于更一般的物种延长寿命潜力的框架内。种间比较提供了一种在进化时间尺度上观察影响寿命的历史过程的方法。该项目有数据库开发和描述性分析的3个具体目标。首先，建立一个广泛的分类学数据库，包括报告的最大寿命、生活史和物种的社会生态特征。该数据库还将描述寿命模式在广泛的系统发育群体中的可变性分布情况。其次，对与脊椎动物相对寿命延长相关的社会学和生态学特征进行系统发育、敏感的相关分析。分析社会生态特征与相对较长的寿命之间的关联，同时控制系统发育的相关性，将提供一个进化背景，在其中对智人寿命的进化进行建模。数据库的大小和广度将有助于以相对较小的影响规模确定社会生态相关性。使用广泛可用的“最大报告寿命”的结果将与可获得生命表质量数据的物种的子样本的结果进行比较。第三，把人类寿命延长的进化放在其他物种相对寿命延长的背景下。具体地说，估计相对于亲缘关系(原始人、灵长类、哺乳动物、恒温脊椎动物)而言，寿命“异常延长”的程度，并确定在人类寿命的进化过程中，其他类群中与寿命有关的社会和生态关联在多大程度上是重复或不同的。