Retrovirus Emergence among Hunters in Central Africa

中部非洲猎人中出现逆转录病毒

• 批准号: 6708621
• 负责人: NATHAN D WOLFE
• 金额: $ 12.68万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-30 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6708621
• 关键词: Africa; African; Primates; Retroviridae; clinical research; disease /disorder etiology; disease /disorder proneness /risk; disease outbreaks; epidemiology; flow cytometry; human immunodeficiency virus 1; human subject; infection; microorganism immunology; polymerase chain reaction; questionnaires; simian immunodeficiency virus; training; virus genetics; western blottings

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Retrovirus Emergence among Hunters in Central Africa Both HIV and HTLV have emerged as the result of multiple introductions of nonhuman primate viruses into human populations. Despite the importance of these viruses for human health, the frequency at which these and other potentially novel retroviruses enter into humans and the mechanisms for such cross-species transmission remain unknown. The overall objective of the proposed career development plan is to develop an independent research program to address the frequency, mechanisms, and consequences of retroviral emergence. During the first period of the K01 award (10/99 - 9/03) the PI established a field base for the study of retroviral emergence, obtained training in retroviral research methods, and discovered the first evidence of a link between hunting and retroviral emergence (SFV). During the second period of the K01 award (10/04 - 9/07) the PI proposes to undertake three primary career development activities aimed at advancing research in retroviral emergence: 1) development of an independent laboratory and academic base; 2) development of a competitive R01 grant proposal; and 3) development of novel methods for universal retroviral diagnosis. These activities would take place in the context of a transition to a tenure-track position in molecular epidemiology (beginning 7/03). In this proposal we propose to investigate the persistence, transmissibility, and clinical and immunological manifestations of naturally acquired SFV infection among rural African hunters. The research will include three specific hypotheses: 1) SFV does not persist in a detectable form; 2) SFV is not sexually transmitted; 3) SFV does not result in clinical manifestations. This proposed K01 research component would supplement and leverage a larger award from the US Military HIV Research Program that will support studies of retroviral emergence among a cohort of hunters. Together the career development and research activities proposed in this application will support the development of the PI as a productive independent investigator and advance understanding of how retroviruses enter into human populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：中非猎人中出现逆转录病毒艾滋病毒和HTLV都是非人灵长类病毒多次引入人类群体的结果。尽管这些病毒对人类健康很重要，但这些病毒和其他潜在的新型逆转录病毒进入人类的频率以及这种跨物种传播的机制仍然未知。拟议的职业发展计划的总体目标是制定一个独立的研究方案，以解决出现逆转录病毒的频率、机制和后果。在K01奖的第一个期间（1999年10月至2003年9月），PI建立了一个研究逆转录病毒出现的实地基地，获得了逆转录病毒研究方法方面的培训，并首次发现了狩猎与逆转录病毒出现之间存在联系的证据。在K01奖励的第二阶段（10/04 - 9/07），PI建议开展三项主要的职业发展活动，旨在推进逆转录病毒出现的研究：1)建立一个独立的实验室和学术基地；2)制定有竞争力的R01奖助金提案；3)发展抗逆转录病毒普遍诊断的新方法。这些活动将在过渡到分子流行病学终身职位的背景下进行（从2003年7月开始）。在这个建议中，我们建议调查非洲农村猎人自然获得性SFV感染的持久性、传播性以及临床和免疫学表现。这项研究将包括三个具体的假设：1)SFV不会以可检测的形式持续存在；2) SFV不是性传播的；3) SFV不引起临床表现。这项拟议的K01研究组成部分将补充和利用美国军事艾滋病毒研究计划的一项更大的奖励，该计划将支持在一群猎人中研究逆转录病毒的出现。本申请中提出的职业发展和研究活动将支持PI作为一个富有成效的独立研究者的发展，并促进对逆转录病毒如何进入人类群体的理解。