Radioactive Stenting of malignant Biliary Obstructions

恶性胆道梗阻的放射性支架置入术

• 批准号: 6642546
• 负责人: STEPHEN N BUNKER
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: IMPLANT SCIENCES CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-04-10 至 2004-08-01
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6642546
• 关键词: bile obstruction; biliary tract neoplasm; biomaterial development /preparation; blood vessel prosthesis; iridium; neoplasm /cancer palliative treatment; neoplasm /cancer radionuclide therapy; radiation therapy; technology /technique development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Luminal obstructive symptoms such as dysphagia, vomitus, jaundice, or ileus are often the first symptoms noticed by patients or physicians and unfortunately, usually indicate an advanced stage of gastrointestinal disease associated with high mortality. Stenting of malignant biliary obstructions, performed on patients who are not candidates for curative surgery, is currently performed as palliative treatment with limited success. These stents fail one third of the time due to tumor growth through the struts of the stent. Our efforts will be focused on optimizing an iridium-192 radiation source for low dose rate permanent brachytherapy. This medical device would reduce costs and improve quality of life for the patient, because it requires only one intervention compared to other methods of palliative radiotherapy (HDR, EBRT), which require daily treatment regimens, often for weeks at a time. In addition, unlike EBRT, the dose to radiosensitive nontargeted tissue is greatly reduced. The proposed iridium-192 stent also has greatly improved radioopacity for enhancing accurate placement.

描述（由申请人提供）：管腔阻塞症状，如吞咽困难、呕吐、黄疸或肠梗阻，通常是患者或医生注意到的第一个症状，不幸的是，通常表明胃肠道疾病的晚期，死亡率高。恶性胆道梗阻的支架植入术，对不适合根治性手术的患者进行，目前作为姑息治疗，成功率有限。这些支架有三分之一的时间由于肿瘤通过支架的支柱生长而失效。我们的努力将集中在优化低剂量率永久近距离放射治疗的铱-192辐射源。这种医疗设备将降低成本并提高患者的生活质量，因为与其他姑息性放射治疗方法（HDR，EBRT）相比，它只需要一次干预，这些方法需要每天的治疗方案，通常一次持续数周。此外，与EBRT不同，对放射敏感的非靶组织的剂量大大降低。所提出的铱-192支架还具有极大改善的射线不透性，以增强准确放置。