A deeper focus on the primordial universe: Development of a metamaterial-based lenslet coupled with kinetic inductance detectors for Cosmology.

更深入地关注原始宇宙：开发基于超材料的小透镜与宇宙学动力电感探测器相结合。

• 批准号: 2151455
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2151455
• 关键词: deeper; focus; primordial; universe; Development

Measurements of the polarisation states of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation is currently one of the hottest topics in Cosmology. In particular, the detection of the associated primordial B-modes is the present challenge in this field. The Astronomy Instrumentation Group, within the School of Physics and Astronomy, is involved in many projects world-wide targeting the detection of the B-modes. The B-mode signals are extremely weak and require instrumentation with extraordinary sensitivity and exquisite control of the optical systematic effects. High sensitivity can be achieved by using thousands of detectors coupled to very compact arrays of pixels/antennas. Current solutions based on 'lenslet' arrays rely on small and very-curved lenses which are not easy to manufacture and require specifically designed anti-reflection coatings to work efficiently. In this project we propose to develop high performance and compact lenslet arrays based on metamaterials. The Astronomy Instrumentation Group is world-leading in the design and production quasi-optical devices based the 'mesh-filters' technology. We have recently developed flat 'mesh-lenses' able to accurately mimic the behaviour of thicker standard lenses. These lenses can be 'miniaturised' and coupled to array of detectors. A mesh-lens array can be a simple flat device which includes all the small lenses.The modelling and the design of these arrays will be carried out by using electromagnetic finite element analysis (Ansys HFSS). The devices will be manufactured and tested within the group cleanrooms and laboratories. The electromagnetic characterisation will be performed with Fourier Transform Spectrometers (FTSs) and Vector Network Analysers (VNAs).The work will be carried out also in collaboration with the Colorado University and the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST).The PhD research project will consist of:- Metamaterials electromagnetic modelling using finite-element analysis software (HFSS)- Design and optimisation of a novel lenslet array based on metamaterials- Assistance in the manufacture of the device within the group facilities- Device testing with Fourier Transform Spectrometers and Vector Network Analysers- Analysis and interpretation of the data

宇宙微波背景辐射偏振态的测量是当前宇宙学研究的热点之一。特别是，相关原始B-模式的检测是该领域当前的挑战。物理和天文学院的天文仪器小组参与了世界范围内许多旨在探测B模式的项目。B模式信号极其微弱，需要具有非凡灵敏度的仪器以及对光学系统效应的精确控制。通过使用数千个耦合到非常紧凑的像素/天线阵列的探测器，可以实现高灵敏度。目前基于‘Lenslet’阵列的解决方案依赖于小而非常弯曲的透镜，这些透镜不容易制造，需要专门设计的减反射涂层才能有效工作。在这个项目中，我们计划开发基于超材料的高性能、紧凑的微透镜阵列。天文仪器集团在设计和生产基于“滤网”技术的准光学器件方面处于世界领先地位。我们最近开发出了能够准确模拟较厚标准镜片行为的扁平网状镜片。这些透镜可以“小型化”，并连接到探测器阵列上。一个网格透镜阵列可以是一个简单的平板器件，包括所有的小透镜，这些阵列的建模和设计将使用电磁有限元分析(Ansys HFSS)。这些设备将在集团洁净室和实验室内制造和测试。电磁特性将使用傅里叶变换光谱仪(FTS)和矢量网络分析仪(VNAs)进行。这项工作还将与科罗拉多大学和美国国家标准与技术研究所(NIST)合作进行。PHD研究项目将包括：-使用有限元分析软件(HFSS)的超材料电磁建模-基于超材料的新型透镜阵列的设计和优化-协助在集团设施内制造装置-使用傅里叶变换光谱仪和矢量网络分析仪进行装置测试-数据的分析和解释