Microbial Mediation of Habitat Selection and Production

描述：（由申请人提供）：在撒哈拉以南非洲， 疟疾是由于接触传染性蚊子叮咬造成的，特别是 冈比亚按蚊。数量上存在高度异质性 生活在流行地区的人们受到传染性叮咬， 对量化并最终降低传播强度的影响。 我们假设这种异质性是由于成人的聚合生产造成的 来自幼虫栖息地的蚊子，这是产卵地点的函数 选择和幼虫栖息地的产生。我们相信这两个过程 由幼虫栖息地中的微生物介导。雌蚊子 会选择排放挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的产卵地点， 由蛋白质的微生物代谢产生（吲哚及其 衍生物）和腐殖酸（酚类）。其次，我们要量化 幼虫中营养物质的微生物加工和微生物生物量的增加 栖息地，并将其与成人生产联系起来。我们相信 密度依赖性幼虫对营养有限的微生物食物的竞争 资源将限制成虫的生产，并导致雌性的出现 可变的、次优的体重和营养储备。这些因素将在 反过来影响种群调节过程和矢量容量属性 在安。冈比亚人口。方法将涉及空间量化 肯尼亚西部阿森博湾研究地点的高产幼虫栖息地 彻底绘制和深入研究疟疾流行区。微生物介导 将通过表征来研究产卵地点的选择 使用 GC/MS 分析微生物群落和排放的 VOC。 GC/MS-触角电图 VOC 检测以及微生物产卵地点的实验选择 和挥发性有机化合物被操纵。幼虫栖息地生产的微生物基础将是 通过现场和实验室实验进行研究，其中营养源和微生物 群落被量化、操纵，幼虫生长反应和成虫 生产量化。

DESCRIPTION: (provided by the applicant): In subSaharan Africa, the risk of malaria is due to exposure to infectious bites of mosquitoes, particularly Anopheles gambiae. There is a high degree of heterogeneity in the number of infectious bites that peoplewho live in endemic areas receive, which has implications for quantifying and ultimately reducing intensity of transmission. We hypothesize that this heterogeneity is due to aggregated production of adult mosquitoes from larval habitats, which is a function of oviposition site selection and larval habitat production. We believe that both of these processes are mediated by microorganisms that occur in larval habitats. Female mosquitoes will choose oviposition sites that emit volatile organic compounds(VOCs), which are generated by microbial metabolism of proteins (to indole and its derivatives) and humic acids (to phenolics). Secondly, we will quantify microbial processing of nutrients and accrual of microbial biomass in larval habitats, and link them to adult production. We believe that density-dependentlarval competition for nutrient-limited microbial food resources will limit adult production and will result in emergent females of variable, suboptimal body masses and nutrient reserves. These factors will in turn affect population regulatory processes and vectorial capacity attributes in An. Gambiae populations. Methods will involve spatial quantification of productive larval habitats in the Asembo Bay study site in western Kenya, a thoroughly mapped and well studied malaria endemic area. Microbial-mediation of oviposition site selection will be studied through characterization of the microbial community and emitted VOCs using GC/MS. GC/MS-electroantennogram detection of VOCs, and experimental oviposition site selection where microbes and VOCs are manipulated. Microbial basis for larval habitat production will be studied with field and lab experiments where nutrient sources and microbial communities are quantified, manipulated and larval growth responses and adult production quantified.