UTILITY OF MOMENTARY VERSUS RECALLED SELF REPORTS

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：本提案由 为了响应NIH计划公告（PA-98 - 031），题为"方法和 行为和社会科学的测量。"研究 自传体记忆表明，许多认知过程具有 可能会对个人经历的回顾性报告产生偏见。行为和 医学科学家和从业者在他们的研究中严重依赖召回程序。 研究工作和治疗病人。症状，疼痛， 例如，治疗效果、依从性和创伤经历， 通常基于回顾性数据，有时长达数月 甚至几年这项建议的主要目的是比较评估结果， 基于我们称之为生态学的过程， 即时评估（EMA），与那些回忆的经验，努力， 确定1）两种类型数据之间的关系和2）含义 以及每种类型数据的实际效用。第一个目的是要了解 人们是如何总结他们的经历并回忆起来的。它还将 探索情境影响和影响者的特征 召回率第二个目的是基于这样一个假设，即 基于瞬时评级与回忆的经验携带的信息， 可能对不同的目的有用，这可能具有重要的理论意义。 以及对科学家和实践者的实际影响。次要目的 调查与EMA研究进行相关的几个方法学问题 包括潜在的反应性影响、参与者负担、 瞬时抽样，分析EMA数据的最佳统计方法，以及 改善经验回忆的方法。测试的结果变量 这些问题是情绪和痛苦。两者都是具有广泛基础和 在行为和医学领域的应用效用。这些措施将 在骨关节炎和类风湿性关节炎患者中进行了深入检查， 有些人最近被诊断出患有慢性病， 确保情绪和疼痛随时间的变化。这些研究的结果 应该对理解回忆情绪的意义有影响， 疼痛测量，解决问题：人们如何总结他们的 经验和哪些因素影响这些摘要？他们也将增加 了解何时应使用瞬时和召回汇总测量 来解决基本和应用问题。最后，该研究将提供 为使用瞬时评估方法的研究人员提供实用信息。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): This proposal was prepared in response to NIH Program Announcement (PA-98-031) entitled "Methodology and measurement in the behavioral and social sciences." Research on autobiographical memory has shown that numerous cognitive processes have the potential to bias retrospective reports of personal experiences. Behavioral and medical scientists and practitioners rely heavily on recall procedures in their research endeavors and for treating patients. Measures of symptoms, pain, treatment efficacy, adherence, and traumatic experiences, for example, are typically based on retrospective data, sometimes for periods of several months or even years. The primary aims of this proposal involve comparing assessments of momentary experiences, based on a procedure we have called Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), with those of recalled experiences in an effort to determine 1) the relationship between the two types of data and 2) the meaning and practical utility of each type of data. The first aim seeks to understand how people summarize their experiences and create a recall. It will also explore situational influences and characteristics of the person that influence recall ratings. The second aim is grounded in the hypothesis that summaries of experiences based upon momentary ratings versus recall carry information that may be useful for different purposes, which could have important theoretical and practical consequences for scientists and practitioners. Secondary aims investigate several methodological issues pertain to the conduct of EMA studies including potential reactivity effects, participant burden, frequency of momentary sampling, optimal statistical methods for analyzing EMA data, and methods for improving recall of experiences. Outcome variables for testing these questions are mood and pain. Both are constructs with wide basic and applied utility in behavioral and medical domains. These measures will be intensively examined in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, some with recent diagnoses and others with chronic conditions in order to ensure variability in mood and pain over time. Results from these studies should have implications for understanding the meaning of recalled mood and pain measures, addressing the questions: how do people summarize their experiences and what factors influence those summaries? They will also increase knowledge about when momentary versus recalled summary measures should be used for addressing basic and applied questions. Finally, the study will provide practical information for researchers using momentary assessment methods.