UTILITY OF MOMENTARY VERSUS RECALLED SELF REPORTS

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：本建议书是 作为对NIH项目公告(PA-98-031)的回应 行为科学和社会科学中的测量。 自传体记忆表明，许多认知过程具有 可能会对个人经历的回顾报告产生偏见。行为和 医学科学家和从业者严重依赖召回程序在他们的 研究工作和治疗病人的努力。测量症状、疼痛、 例如，治疗效果、依从性和创伤经历是 通常基于回溯数据，有时持续几个月 甚至是几年。这项建议的主要目的是比较评估 基于一种我们称之为生态的程序 瞬间评估(EMA)，包括那些回忆的经历，以努力 确定1)两种类型数据之间的关系和2)含义 以及每种类型数据的实用价值。第一个目标是试图理解 人们如何总结他们的经历并创造一种回忆。它还将 探索有影响力的人的情景影响和特征 召回评级。第二个目标基于这样一种假设，即总结 基于瞬时评级与召回的体验携带的信息 可能用于不同的目的，这可能具有重要的理论意义 以及对科学家和从业者的实际后果。次要目标 调查与进行环境管理评估研究有关的几个方法学问题 包括潜在的反应性影响、参与者负担、频率 瞬时抽样，分析EMA数据的最佳统计方法，以及 提高回忆经验的方法。用于测试的结果变量 这些问题是情绪和痛苦。这两种结构都具有广泛的基础和 在行为学和医学领域的应用效用。这些措施将是 在骨性关节炎和类风湿性关节炎患者中进行了深入的检查， 一些人最近被确诊，另一些人患有慢性病，以便 确保情绪和疼痛随着时间的推移而变化。这些研究的结果 应该对理解回忆的语气的含义和 疼痛措施，解决以下问题：人们如何总结他们的 经验和影响这些总结的因素是什么？他们还将增加 了解应在何时使用瞬时和召回的汇总措施 解决基本的和应用的问题。最后，这项研究将提供 为使用瞬时评估方法的研究人员提供实用信息。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): This proposal was prepared in response to NIH Program Announcement (PA-98-031) entitled "Methodology and measurement in the behavioral and social sciences." Research on autobiographical memory has shown that numerous cognitive processes have the potential to bias retrospective reports of personal experiences. Behavioral and medical scientists and practitioners rely heavily on recall procedures in their research endeavors and for treating patients. Measures of symptoms, pain, treatment efficacy, adherence, and traumatic experiences, for example, are typically based on retrospective data, sometimes for periods of several months or even years. The primary aims of this proposal involve comparing assessments of momentary experiences, based on a procedure we have called Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), with those of recalled experiences in an effort to determine 1) the relationship between the two types of data and 2) the meaning and practical utility of each type of data. The first aim seeks to understand how people summarize their experiences and create a recall. It will also explore situational influences and characteristics of the person that influence recall ratings. The second aim is grounded in the hypothesis that summaries of experiences based upon momentary ratings versus recall carry information that may be useful for different purposes, which could have important theoretical and practical consequences for scientists and practitioners. Secondary aims investigate several methodological issues pertain to the conduct of EMA studies including potential reactivity effects, participant burden, frequency of momentary sampling, optimal statistical methods for analyzing EMA data, and methods for improving recall of experiences. Outcome variables for testing these questions are mood and pain. Both are constructs with wide basic and applied utility in behavioral and medical domains. These measures will be intensively examined in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, some with recent diagnoses and others with chronic conditions in order to ensure variability in mood and pain over time. Results from these studies should have implications for understanding the meaning of recalled mood and pain measures, addressing the questions: how do people summarize their experiences and what factors influence those summaries? They will also increase knowledge about when momentary versus recalled summary measures should be used for addressing basic and applied questions. Finally, the study will provide practical information for researchers using momentary assessment methods.