Between man and machine: masculinities, technologies and spatiality in contemporary American war fiction
人与机器之间:当代美国战争小说中的男性气质、技术和空间性
基本信息
- 批准号:2240133
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Studentship
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2019 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
'We found a Yemeni passport on him, and a camera in the grass. It was still recording.' Thus ends Brian Van Reet's 2017 novel Spoils, in which the camera emerges as the resilient main character, outlasting the human lying dead nearby. 9/11 and the War on Terror saw technological advances which have radically changed modern warfare. Through de-centering the human, technology increasingly replaces man as the primary actor in conflict. Where, then, does this leave contemporary military masculinity, which has for so long been predicated on violent intimacy in war? This thesis interrogates the representation of American military masculinities alongside technological advancements in works of literature, graphic novel, film and video game. In examining the relationship between warrior and civilian masculinities, and the ways in which warrior masculinity is shaped by weaponry and telecommunications, it considers the extent to which a new American masculinity emerges from the space negotiated by twenty-first century man's relation to technology.Following an Introduction that maps representations of masculinities in war literature from the mid-twentieth century to 9/11, Chapter One considers the parameters of contemporary military masculinity. Drawing upon Connell (1987), it reads texts on the War on Terror in terms of a hegemonic 'warrior' masculinity. Like civilian masculinities, military masculinities are regularly redefined by shifting discourse on gender, sexuality, race and trauma - exemplified in the 2010 repeal of the 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell' policy and the 2013 repeal of the Combat Exclusion Policy, permitting female soldiers to serve in front line combat. Nevertheless, warrior masculinity evolves uniquely, being heavily moulded by violence, technologies and state policing of the body. Chapter Two then considers the female soldier's performance of masculinity in Lioness (dir. McLagan and Sommers, 2008), the navigation of black military masculinity in Hold it til it Hurts (Johnson, 2012) and the negotiation of trauma in The Yellow Birds (Powers, 2013). Together, these chapters question whether Connell's model of hegemonic masculinity applies to the combat zone in a way that has been outgrown by more contemporary understandings of civilian male identity.The War on Terror is a highly de-personalised war which not only largely removes any hand-to-hand combat through long range weapons technology, as seen in the Gulf War (1990-91), but also removes focus from any singularly identifiable opponent, instead targeting the broader notion of 'terror'. This places the negotiation of space at the heart of modern combat zones. Chapter Three interrogates how warrior masculinity is manipulated through the navigation of space in The Hurt Locker (dir. Bigelow, 2008), Fobbit (Abrams, 2012) and The Sheriff of Babylon (King and Gerads, 2015). Supported by post-humanist critical theory, particularly the work of Braidotti (2013) and a re-appraisal of Haraway's cyborg (1984), this chapter considers how the body's spatial relation to weapons technology might prove a soldier's worthiness as a masculine subject. Chapter Four considers the role of telecommunications in shaping the relationship between modern warfare and masculinities in Spoils (Van Reet, 2017), War Porn (Scranton, 2016), Only the Dead (Ware, 2015) and the video game series, Call of Duty (2003-present). The communication of images through the camera, the internet and the games console (and their literary representations) suggests a new dimension to the spatiality discussed in Chapter Two by incorporating the reader, viewer or player into the narrative. This chapter navigates the divide between the textual representation of the telecommunicated image and the telecommunicated image itself, considering how the distinction between representation and reality is complicated in a way which permits a new articulation of masculinity to emerge.
“我们在他身上发现了一本也门护照,在草丛里发现了一台相机。它还在录音。”布莱恩·范·里特(Brian Van Reet) 2017年的小说《战利品》(Spoils)就这样结束了。在这部小说中,摄影机成为了坚强的主角,比旁边躺着的死人活得更长。9/11和反恐战争见证了从根本上改变现代战争的技术进步。通过去中心化人类,技术逐渐取代人成为冲突中的主要角色。那么,长期以来以战争中的暴力亲密关系为基础的当代军事男子气概又将何去何从?本文探讨了在文学作品、图画小说、电影和电子游戏中,美国军人男子气概的表现与技术进步的关系。在研究战士和平民男子气概之间的关系,以及战士男子气概是如何被武器和电信塑造的过程中,它考虑了一种新的美国男子气概在多大程度上出现在21世纪人类与技术的关系所协商的空间中。在介绍了从20世纪中期到9/11的战争文学中男性气概的表现之后,第一章考虑了当代军事男性气概的参数。借鉴康奈尔(Connell, 1987)的观点,它将反恐战争的文本解读为一种霸权的“战士”男子气概。与平民男子气概一样,军人男子气概也经常被重新定义,因为性别、性取向、种族和创伤等话题的变化——2010年废除“不问不说”政策和2013年废除允许女兵参加前线战斗的“战斗排斥政策”就是例证。然而,由于暴力、科技和国家对身体的管制,战士的阳刚之气演变得独一无二。第二章考察了女兵在《母狮》(Lioness)中的男子气概表现。McLagan and Sommers, 2008),《Hold it until it Hurts》(Johnson, 2012)中黑人军人男子气概的导航,以及《黄鸟》(the Yellow Birds)中创伤的协商(Powers, 2013)。总之,这些章节质疑康奈尔的男性霸权模式是否适用于战场,而这种模式已经被当代对平民男性身份的理解所超越。反恐战争是一场高度非个人化的战争,它不仅在很大程度上消除了通过远程武器技术进行的肉搏,就像在海湾战争(1990-91)中看到的那样,而且还消除了对任何单一可识别的对手的关注,而是针对更广泛的“恐怖”概念。这使得空间谈判成为现代战区的核心。第三章探讨了《拆弹部队》中战士的阳刚之气是如何通过空间导航被操纵的。Bigelow, 2008), Fobbit (Abrams, 2012)和The Sheriff of Babylon (King and Gerads, 2015)。在后人文主义批判理论的支持下,特别是Braidotti(2013)的作品和Haraway的半机械人(1984)的重新评估,本章考虑了身体与武器技术的空间关系如何证明士兵作为男性主体的价值。第四章考虑了电信在《战利品》(Van Reet, 2017)、《战争色情》(Scranton, 2016)、《唯死者》(Ware, 2015)和电子游戏系列《使命召唤》(2003年至今)中塑造现代战争与男性气概之间关系的作用。通过相机、互联网和游戏机(以及它们的文学表现形式)传达图像,通过将读者、观众或玩家融入叙事,为第二章讨论的空间性提供了一个新的维度。本章探讨了传播图像的文本表征与传播图像本身之间的差异,并考虑了表征与现实之间的区别是如何在某种程度上复杂化的,从而允许一种新的男子气概的表达出现。
项目成果
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其他文献
吉治仁志 他: "トランスジェニックマウスによるTIMP-1の線維化促進機序"最新医学. 55. 1781-1787 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等:“转基因小鼠中 TIMP-1 的促纤维化机制”现代医学 55. 1781-1787 (2000)。
- DOI:
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LiDAR Implementations for Autonomous Vehicle Applications
- DOI:
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2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
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吉治仁志 他: "イラスト医学&サイエンスシリーズ血管の分子医学"羊土社(渋谷正史編). 125 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等人:“血管医学与科学系列分子医学图解”Yodosha(涉谷正志编辑)125(2000)。
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Effect of manidipine hydrochloride,a calcium antagonist,on isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy: "Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,K.,Teragaki,M.,Iwao,H.and Yoshikawa,J." Jpn Circ J. 62(1). 47-52 (1998)
钙拮抗剂盐酸马尼地平对异丙肾上腺素引起的左心室肥厚的影响:“Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,
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