Coherent Control of Spin Qubits in High Density Quantum Dot Arrays in Silicon

硅中高密度量子点阵列中自旋量子位的相干控制

• 批准号: 2252517
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2252517
• 关键词: Coherent; Control; Spin; Qubits; Density

Computing power has increased exponentially in the last sixty years, all due to the continual improvement of the transistor, the building block of the computer. However, we are now starting to see diminishing returns on advancements in transistor technology. To overcome this, we must look to new sources of computational power, and quantum computers provide a promising solution to this. Quantum computers take advantage of quantum phenomena such as superposition and entanglement, this enables a speed-up for specific computational problems that even the best supercomputers would not be able to solve in a millennium. The quantum bit or qubit, the building block of a quantum computer, is used to encode information similar to how a bit is stored on a transistor. Various physical realisations of qubits, analogous to transistors, have been developed such as superconducting electronic circuits, atomic ions, particles of light and artificial atoms in silicon called quantum dots. With realisations of single qubits now becoming commonplace, research is shifting focus to building systems of multiple qubits. In this project we look to construct the first iteration of a three-by-three grid of qubits using silicon quantum dots. This presents a challenge due to the fragility of qubits, interactions between a qubit and its surrounding environment can lead to the loss of its quantum state. Therefore, adding multiple qubits together will present a challenge in mitigating their influence on one another, while maintaining individual control over each qubit such that they can carry out quantum computations. We will make use of the same processes that are used to make conventional silicon computer chips so that these qubits are compatible with existing industry for mass scale production.

在过去的六十年里，计算能力呈指数级增长，这一切都归功于晶体管的不断改进，晶体管是计算机的组成部分。然而，我们现在开始看到晶体管技术进步的回报递减。为了克服这一点，我们必须寻找新的计算能力来源，量子计算机提供了一个很有前途的解决方案。量子计算机利用了量子现象，如叠加和纠缠，这使得即使是最好的超级计算机也无法在一千年内解决的特定计算问题的速度加快。量子位或量子位，量子计算机的构建块，用于编码信息，类似于位存储在晶体管上的方式。量子比特的各种物理实现，类似于晶体管，已经被开发出来，如超导电子电路，原子离子，光粒子和硅中的人造原子，称为量子点。随着单量子位的实现现在变得司空见惯，研究的重点正在转移到构建多量子位的系统。在这个项目中，我们希望使用硅量子点构建三乘三量子位网格的第一次迭代。由于量子比特的脆弱性，这提出了一个挑战，量子比特与其周围环境之间的相互作用可能导致其量子状态的丢失。因此，将多个量子位添加在一起将面临一个挑战，即减轻它们对彼此的影响，同时保持对每个量子位的单独控制，以便它们可以进行量子计算。我们将使用与制造传统硅计算机芯片相同的工艺，以便这些量子位与现有的大规模生产工业兼容。