METABOLIC EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TOBACCO RELATED CANCERS IN BLACK AND WHITE AMERICANS

美国的黑人和白人人口明显 与烟草和/或酒精相关的肿瘤的不同特征。 对这些人群的吸烟模式的分析并没有显示出更高的 考虑到观察到的较高流行率的每日香烟摄入量 黑人患空气消化系统癌症的风险或烟草种类的差异 可能有助于解释观察到的尿流率较低的产品 黑人人群中的膀胱癌。目前的提案是一项 新陈代谢流行病学研究旨在阐明差异 代谢能力上的差异导致个体暴露的差异 和靶组织对活化的烟草烟雾致癌物负责 对于观察到的特定部位癌症发病率的变化。这个 拟议的五年调查将包括三项主要研究。在……里面 研究一，共有320名健康吸烟者，每种种族和性别组合80人 将会被招募。在这项横断面研究中，调查问卷数据 将获得生活方式、吸烟史和饮食情况。此外，还有几个 烟草暴露和易感性的新生物标志物--烟雾 将研究致癌物，包括乙酰化表型，P-450IA2 表型，4-氨基联苯和NNK的血红蛋白加合物，尿NNK 代谢物与谷胱甘肽S转移酶MI基因型。在第二项研究中， NNAL-葡萄糖醛酸化表型与其他所选基因的相关性 具有肺腺癌风险的生物标记物将是 采用病例对照设计进行研究。最后，在第三项研究中， 乙酰化与P-450IA2表型及其他所选基因的关系 具有膀胱癌风险的生物标记物将在黑人和 白人采用病例对照设计。总共将有140个病例和对照 在第二和第三项研究中都被招募。总体而言，该项目试图 提供特定部位癌症发病率差异的机制 种族之间的关系可能会被阐明，并利用 美国健康基金会烟草相关癌症和癌症的大型数据库 我们有能力整合适当的调查问卷信息和 从不同人群获得的实验室数据。中的独特方法 代谢流行病学将使我们能够更充分地了解 观察到癌症患病率的多样性。

Black and White populations in the United States manifest distinctly different profiles of tobacco-related and/or alcohol-related neoplasms. Analyses of smoking patterns by these groups have not revealed a higher intake of cigarettes per day to account for the observed higher prevalence of aerodigestive cancer among Blacks or differences in type of tobacco products which might help explain the observed lower rates of urinary bladder cancer among black populations. The current proposal is a metabolic epidemiological study designed to elucidate whether differences in metabolic capacity resulting in differences in exposure of individuals and target tissues to activated tobacco smoke carcinogens are responsible for the observed variations in site-specific cancer incidence. The proposed five.year investigation will consist of three major studies. In study #1, a total of 320 healthy smokers, 80 of each race-sex combination will be recruited. In this cross-sectional study, questionnaire data on lifestyle, smoking history and diet will be obtained. In addition, several new biomarkers for exposure and susceptibility to tobacco-smoke carcinogens will be studied including acetylation phenotype, P-450IA2 phenotype, hemoglobin adducts from 4-aminobiphenyl and NNK, urinary NNK metabolites and glutathione S-transferase MI genotype. In study #2, the association between NNAL-glucuronidation phenotype and other selected biomarkers with the risk for adenocarcinoma of the lung will be investigated using a case-control design. Finally, in study #3, the association of acetylation and P-450IA2 phenotype and other selected biomarkers with bladder cancer risk will be investigated in Blacks and Whites using a case-control design. A total of 140 cases and controls will be recruited for both studies #2 and #3. Overall, the project attempts to provide mechanisms whereby differences in site-specific cancer incidence between the races might be elucidated and draws upon the expertise of the American Health Foundation large data base in tobacco-related cancers and upon our ability to integrate appropriate questionnaire information and laboratory data obtained from diverse populations. The unique approach in metabolic epidemiology will enable us to more fully understand the observed diversity in cancer prevalence.