EMERGENCE AND SYNCHRONOUS ACTIVITY IN NEURONAL DYNAMICS

神经元动力学中的出现和同步活动

• 批准号: 6657261
• 负责人: ERNEST BARRETO
• 金额: $ 9.93万
• 依托单位: GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-09 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6657261
• 关键词: brain electrical activity; electric field; electrophysiology; hippocampus; laboratory rat; neurons; neurosciences; single cell analysis

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract) Emergence may be defined as the appearance of qualitatively unique collective properties in a macroscopic system that are unpredictable from knowledge of its microscopic elements. Thus, the key to understanding emergence lies not in the details of the microscopic elements themselves, but rather in the interactions between them. A vast literature is built on linear analyses of synchrony in neuronal ensembles, but recent work has revealed that nonlinear synchronous activities are also present. The PI is a theoretical physicist with a background in nonlinear dynamics that has been developing a thermodynamic formalism that quantitatively describes transitions between synchronous states in systems of coupled nonlinear elements. This Mentored Quantitative Research Career Development Award will permit the PI to acquire training in neuroscience and neuroscience laboratory techniques, and to use these skills to extend and productively apply these new theoretical tools to biomedical applications. Accordingly, the long-term career goal of the PI is to become an effective researcher in the biomedical applications of dynamical systems theory, with specific emphasis on neuroscience. The theme of this research plan is: Emergent phenomena in neuronal ensemble dynamics are related to small-scale interactions between large numbers of individual neurons or groups of neurons. These interactions involve both linear and nonlinear states of synchronous activity, have structure in both time and space, and are describable within a thermodynamic formalism. Specific hypotheses to be investigated are: (1) macroscopic phenomena in neuronal ensembles (e.g., bursting and seizing events) are explained by synchronous activity between individual neurons; (2) emergent phenomena require large numbers of interacting neurons; and (3) spatially propagating waves of synchronous activity occur in neuronal ensembles. Several specific experiments monitoring individual neuronal behavior and simultaneous population activity during bursting and seizing are proposed to probe the hierarchy and structure of synchronization states.

描述：(改编自《调查者摘要》) 涌现可以被定义为质量上独特的集体的出现 宏观系统中的属性，这些属性是根据对其 微观元素。因此，理解涌现的关键不在于 微观元素本身的细节，但在相互作用中 在他们之间。大量文献建立在对同步性的线性分析基础上 神经元集合，但最近的研究揭示了非线性同步 活动也随处可见。PI是一位理论物理学家，拥有 非线性动力学背景，一直在发展一种热力学 定量描述同步状态之间的转换的形式主义 在耦合的非线性元件系统中。这是一个有指导意义的定量研究 职业发展奖将允许PI获得神经科学方面的培训 和神经科学实验室技术，并使用这些技能来扩展和 将这些新的理论工具有效地应用于生物医学应用。 因此，PI的长期职业目标是成为一名有效的 动力系统理论在生物医学应用方面的研究人员 特别强调神经科学。这项研究计划的主题是：紧急 神经元系综动力学中的现象与小规模的相互作用有关 在大量单个神经元或神经元组之间。这些 相互作用涉及同步活动的线性和非线性状态， 在时间和空间上都有结构，并且可以在 热力学形式主义。需要研究的具体假设是：(1) 神经元群中的宏观现象(例如，突发和抽搐事件) 由单个神经元之间的同步活动来解释；(2)紧急 现象需要大量相互作用的神经元；以及(3)空间上 同步活动的传播波出现在神经元集合中。几个 监测个体神经元行为的特定实验和同步 提出了爆发和抢夺过程中的种群活动，以探讨 同步状态的层次结构和结构。