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This research is investigating the history of Scottish hospital architecture between 1948 (the year when the NHS was created) and the 1990s.

This research is investigating the history of Scottish hospital architecture between 1948 (the year when the NHS was created) and the 1990s.
本研究调查 1948 年(NHS 成立当年)至 20 世纪 90 年代苏格兰医院建筑的历史。
批准号:
2280354
负责人:
金额:
$0.0万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
英国
项目类别:
Studentship
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
英国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019 至 --

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中文摘要
翻译
尽管实施了一项主要的医院建设方案,但这个问题很少受到注意。大多数关于医院建筑的研究都没有超越20世纪70年代,而大多数研究都集中在20世纪上半叶。对包括医院在内的战后建筑的广泛研究集中在主要建筑公司的作品上,并以英国的例子为主。第一阶段的工作旨在确定1948年至1998年间建造的医院建筑。这些将包括全新的医院,以及对现有医院的补充。参观、地图分析和档案研究将建立苏格兰医院建筑的年表,并确定哪些建筑仍然屹立不倒。近年来,一些建于20世纪60年代的建筑被拆除,因为NHS在私人融资倡议下开始了进一步的重大重建计划。经常计划类别将会分类;建筑师、工程师、建筑公司和建筑方法都将被记录下来。在第二阶段的工作中,将对有代表性的地点选择进行更深入的研究。研究提出的问题是:新的医院建筑是如何构思、设计和建造的,又是由谁建造的?从爱丁堡苏格兰国家记录的初步研究来看,很明显,卫生部、地区和地方管理委员会、NHS架构师和私营公司之间的关系复杂、密切,但并不总是友好的。从当时建筑和医学报刊上出现的关于新医院的文章来看,这些复杂性并不明显。错综复杂的官僚主义、遵守政府政策的影响以及财政部对支出的最终控制,共同导致了新医院的漫长酝酿期。这可以告诉我们很多关于医院是如何以及为什么建造的,但也阐明了20世纪建筑史和公共部门赞助的过程和合作的更广泛问题。其他可能出现的主题是:苏格兰在执行1962年和1966年医院计划方面如何以及为什么与英格兰不同;20世纪70年代经济衰退和90年代初公共财政倡议的影响;医院建筑在多大程度上适应了医疗实践的快速变化。我之前对苏格兰和英格兰战前医院的研究将有助于考虑由于战争爆发而执行或推迟的早期建筑项目的连续性,战时紧急医疗服务的影响,以及立即的战后计划。除了增加我们对二十世纪下半叶医院建筑发展的理解外,我预计这项研究将唤起人们对这些建筑的更多欣赏,并希望确保最重要的例子得到保护。它还将为NHS提供其建筑存量的定性评估,从而为未来的重建制定战略计划,以避免与遗产机构发生冲突。建筑环境对健康和福祉的影响是一个积极感兴趣的领域。通过社交媒体、研讨会和其他活动的公众参与可以用来衡量医院设计和规划对用户体验的影响。卓越建筑对患者康复时间和员工福利的积极影响现在是委托新医院的关键考虑因素,承认旧建筑的卓越同样对员工和患者都有潜在的好处。医院是人们生活的重要组成部分,NHS理应受到重视。但它非凡的建筑遗产在没有得到适当的评估和考虑之前就有消失的危险。
英文摘要
The topic has received little attention, despite the fact that a major hospital-building programme was undertaken. Most studies of hospital architecture do not go beyond the 1970s, while the majority focus on the first half of the twentieth century. Broader studies of post-war architecture that include hospitals have focused on the work of major architectural firms and predominantly feature English examples. The first phase of work aims to identify the hospital buildings erected between 1948 and 1998. These will include entire new hospitals as well as additions to existing sites. Visits, map analysis and archival research will establish a chronology of hospital building in Scotland and identify which buildings are still standing. Some from the 1960s have been demolished in recent years, as the NHS has embarked on a further major programme of rebuilding under the Private Finance Initiative. Recurrent plan types will be categorised; architects, engineers, construction companies and building methods will be recorded. More in-depth research on a representative selection of sites will follow in the second phase of work. The research asks: how, and by whom, were new hospital buildings conceived designed, and built? From preliminary research at the National Records of Scotland in Edinburgh, it is clear that the relationships between the Department of Health, the regional and local boards of management, NHS architects and private firms, were complex, close, and not always amicable. These complexities are not evident from the articles on new hospitals that appeared in the architectural and medical press of the time. The convoluted bureaucracy, implications of adherence to government policy, and ultimate Treasury control over spending, combined to produce lengthy gestation periods for new hospitals. This can tell us much about how and why hospitals were built as they were, but also illuminate wider question of process and collaboration in the history of twentieth-century architecture and public-sector patronage. Other themes that are likely to emerge are: how and why Scotland differed from England in its implementation of the Hospital Plans of 1962 and 1966; the impacts of economic recession in the 1970s and the Public Finance Initiative of the early 1990s; and the extent to which hospital buildings adapted to the rapid pace of change in medical practice. My previous research on pre-war hospitals in Scotland and England will assist in considering continuities with earlier building projects, executed or postponed by the outbreak of war, the effects of the war-time emergency medical service, and immediate post-war plans.Apart from adding to our understanding of the development of hospital architecture in the second half of the twentieth century, I anticipate that the research will evoke a greater appreciation of these buildings and hopefully ensure the protection of the most important examples. It will also provide the NHS with a qualitative assessment of its building stock, enabling strategic plans for future redevelopment to avoid conflict with heritage bodies. The influence of the built environment on health and wellbeing is an area of active interest. Public engagement through social media, workshops and other events can be used to measure the impact of hospital design and planning on the user's experience. The positive effects of building excellence on patient recovery times and staff wellbeing is now a key consideration in commissioning new hospitals, recognising excellence in older buildings equally has potential benefits to staff and patients. Hospitals are an important part of people's lives, and the NHS is rightly cherished. But its extraordinary architectural legacy is in danger of vanishing before it has been properly evaluated and considered.
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