A Randomized Trial to Evaluate Project ARM

本研究将评估酒精风险管理（ARM）计划的效果，这是一个完善的四期培训计划，针对酒精销售网点（即酒吧、餐馆）的所有者和经理。这种一对一的培训计划旨在为经理们提供必要的知识和技能，以制定负责任的、针对特定门店的酒类服务和促销政策。通过影响建制政策，ARM计划试图减少对明显醉酒的顾客的非法酒精销售，减少导致大量饮酒的酒精促销，这与暴力和交通事故等公共卫生问题有关。该研究建议进行一项全面的随机试验，以评估ARM计划对以下方面的影响：(1)门店向明显醉酒的顾客出售酒精的倾向；(2)门店内部政策的实施（通过对业主和经理的电话调查来衡量）；(3)酒精相关问题的发生率（通过警察呼叫数据来衡量）。200家待售场所（即酒吧、餐馆）将被随机分配到干预或控制条件（即每个条件100家）。表现出明显中毒迹象的参与者将尝试在基线和实施ARM计划后3个月和6个月在干预和控制网点购买酒精。在六个月的伪醉酒购买尝试后，对照店将接受一个为期一个阶段、强度较低的ARM程序（ARM Express）。本研究的两个次要目标是评估ARM Express在影响企业政策和减少酒精相关问题方面的承诺，并评估参与和非参与门店之间的差异。

This study will evaluate effects of the Alcohol Risk Management (ARM) program, a well-developed, four-session training program for owners and managers of on-sale alcohol outlets (i.e., bars, restaurants). This on-one-one training program is designed to provide managers with the knowledge and skills necessary to develop responsible, outlet-specific alcohol service and promotional policies. By influencing establishment policy, the ARM program attempts to reduce illegal alcohol sales to obviously intoxicated patrons and decrease alcohol promotions that lead to heavy consumption of alcohol, which are related to public health problems such as violence and traffic crashes. The study proposes to conduct a full, randomized trial to evaluate effects of the ARM program on: (1) propensity of outlets to sell alcohol to obviously intoxicated patrons, (2) implementation of internal outlet policies (as measured through a telephone survey of owners and managers), and (3) rates of alcohol-related problems (as measured through police call data). Two hundred on-sale establishments (i.e., bars, restaurants) will be randomly assigned to intervention or control conditions (i.e., 100 per condition). Actors displaying obvious signs of intoxication will attempt to purchase alcohol in intervention and control outlets at baseline and three and six months after implementation of the ARM program. Control outlets will receive a one-session, less-intensive version of the ARM program (ARM Express) after the six-month follow-up of pseudo-intoxicated purchase attempts. Two secondary goals of the study are to assess the promise of ARM Express for influencing establishment policies and decreasing alcohol-related problems and to evaluate differences between participating and non-participating outlets.