A Randomized Trial to Evaluate Project ARM

这项研究将评估酒精风险管理(ARM)计划的效果，这是一个为酒类销售网点(即酒吧、餐馆)的所有者和经理开发的、为期四节的培训计划。这一一对一培训计划旨在为经理提供必要的知识和技能，以制定负责任的、特定于门店的酒类服务和促销政策。通过影响体制政策，ARM计划试图减少对明显醉酒的顾客的非法酒精销售，并减少导致大量饮酒的酒精促销活动，这与暴力和交通事故等公共健康问题有关。这项研究建议进行一项全面的随机试验，以评估ARM计划在以下方面的影响：(1)销售点向明显醉酒的顾客销售酒精的倾向；(2)内部销售点政策的执行情况(通过对所有者和经理的电话调查衡量)；以及(3)与酒精有关的问题的发生率(通过警方电话数据衡量)。200家在售场所(即酒吧、餐馆)将被随机分配到干预或控制条件下(即每种条件下100家)。在ARM计划实施三个月和六个月后，表现出明显醉酒迹象的行为者将试图在干预和控制网点购买酒精。在对虚假醉酒购买尝试进行了为期六个月的随访后，控制网点将获得一次会议、强度较低的ARM计划版本(ARM Express)。这项研究的两个次要目标是评估ARM快递在影响机构政策和减少与酒精相关的问题方面的前景，以及评估参与和不参与的网点之间的差异。

This study will evaluate effects of the Alcohol Risk Management (ARM) program, a well-developed, four-session training program for owners and managers of on-sale alcohol outlets (i.e., bars, restaurants). This on-one-one training program is designed to provide managers with the knowledge and skills necessary to develop responsible, outlet-specific alcohol service and promotional policies. By influencing establishment policy, the ARM program attempts to reduce illegal alcohol sales to obviously intoxicated patrons and decrease alcohol promotions that lead to heavy consumption of alcohol, which are related to public health problems such as violence and traffic crashes. The study proposes to conduct a full, randomized trial to evaluate effects of the ARM program on: (1) propensity of outlets to sell alcohol to obviously intoxicated patrons, (2) implementation of internal outlet policies (as measured through a telephone survey of owners and managers), and (3) rates of alcohol-related problems (as measured through police call data). Two hundred on-sale establishments (i.e., bars, restaurants) will be randomly assigned to intervention or control conditions (i.e., 100 per condition). Actors displaying obvious signs of intoxication will attempt to purchase alcohol in intervention and control outlets at baseline and three and six months after implementation of the ARM program. Control outlets will receive a one-session, less-intensive version of the ARM program (ARM Express) after the six-month follow-up of pseudo-intoxicated purchase attempts. Two secondary goals of the study are to assess the promise of ARM Express for influencing establishment policies and decreasing alcohol-related problems and to evaluate differences between participating and non-participating outlets.