Assessing How Local-Level Law Enforcement Strategies, Both Specific and in the Aggregate, Influence Binge Drinking and Alcohol-Impaired Driving in Communities Across the U.S.

评估地方执法策略（具体的和总体的）如何影响美国各地社区的酗酒和酒后驾驶

• 批准号: 9386447
• 负责人: TRACI L TOOMEY
• 金额: $ 18.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9386447
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Cessation of life; Cities; Communities; Community Services; County; Data; Data Set; Development; Drunk driving; Effectiveness; Frequencies; Future; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Injury; Intervention; Law Enforcement; Laws; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; NIH Program Announcements; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Police; Policies; Prevention; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Resources; Restaurants; Risk; Sales; Services; Source; Sum; Surveys; System; Time; Work; alcohol epidemiology; alcohol involvement; alcohol services; authority; binge drinking; driving behavior; epidemiologic data; financial incentive; impaired driving performance; indexing; innovation; legal BAC limit; metropolitan; prevent; secondary analysis; trend

Project Abstract Approximately one-third of fatal crashes involve alcohol use. We need to identify effective strategies to further reduce deaths and injuries resulting from alcohol-impaired driving. Our proposed study focuses on community-level enforcement strategies targeting the prevention of over service of alcohol and alcohol impaired driving. Over service of alcohol is very prevalent and contributes to binge drinking and alcohol- impaired driving. Effective strategies for addressing this problem have not been identified. We will assess enforcement strategies targeting over service of alcohol that community-level law enforcement agencies (i.e., city police, county sheriffs) report using but have not been previously evaluated for their effectiveness. We will assess the association between enforcement strategies, both specific and in combination, and two types of outcomes—binge drinking and impaired driving. Binge drinking directly affects alcohol-impaired driving. We will also assess the association between alcohol impaired driving enforcement strategies, specific and in combination, and these outcome measures. Although alcohol-impaired driving enforcement measures have been evaluated as individual strategies, they have not been as well evaluated when used in combination. Community-level enforcement is important to evaluate given that the majority of community-level enforcement agencies have the authority to enforce over service of alcohol and alcohol impaired driving. Use of law enforcement strategies varies in communities across the U.S. We will address the following aims: Aim 1: evaluate the associations of specific community-level over service and alcohol-impaired driving enforcement strategies with binge drinking and alcohol-impaired driving outcomes, and Aim 2: evaluate the associations of combinations of over service and alcohol-impaired driving enforcement strategies with binge drinking and alcohol-impaired driving outcomes. To address these aims, we will create and use an innovative dataset using secondary data. We will combine community-level law enforcement data from a previous study with measures of binge drinking and alcohol-impaired driving available from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), which provides county-level data through the Selected Metropolitan/Micropolitan Area Risk Trends (SMART) Project. We will also use alcohol-related crash measures for these communities available from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). Given their limited resources, law enforcement agencies want guidance on the types of enforcement strategies that are effective. This developmental study will provide guidance to law enforcement agencies about which enforcement strategies are promising for reducing alcohol- impaired driving. Results of this study will also directly inform hypotheses for future intervention and other longitudinal studies.

项目摘要 大约三分之一的致命崩溃涉及酒精使用。我们需要确定有效的策略 进一步减少因饮酒驾驶而导致的死亡和伤害。我们提出的研究重点 针对预防饮酒和酒精服务的社区级执法策略 驾驶受损。过度服务酒精非常普遍，并有助于暴饮暴食和酒精 - 驾驶受损。尚未确定解决此问题的有效策略。我们将评估 针对社区级执法机构提供酒精服务的执法策略（即 城市警察，县警长）报告使用但以前尚未对其有效性进行评估。我们将 评估具体和组合的执法策略之间的关联，以及两种类型的 结果 - 喝酒和驾驶受损。暴饮暴食直接影响受酒精损害的驾驶。我们将 还评估酒精受损驾驶执法策略之间的关联，具体和 结合和这些结果措施。抗酒精受损的驾驶执行措施已有 组合使用时，它们没有得到很好的评估。 鉴于大多数社区级执法，社区级执法对于评估很重要 代理机构有权对驾驶饮酒和酒精损害进行服务。使用法律 美国各地社区的执法策略各不相同，我们将解决以下目标：目标1： 评估特定社区级服务和饮酒型驾驶执法的关联 狂暴饮酒和饮酒型驾驶成果的策略，目标2：评估关联 过度服务和饮酒型驾驶执法策略的结合与暴饮暴食和 酒精障碍的驾驶结果。为了解决这些目标，我们将使用 次要数据。我们将从先前的研究中将社区级的执法数据与措施相结合 行为风险因素监视系统可提供暴饮暴食和饮酒型驾驶 （BRFSS），它通过选定的大都市/微任区域风险趋势提供计数级数据 （智能）项目。我们还将为这些社区使用与酒精相关的崩溃措施 死亡分析报告系统（FARS）。鉴于他们的资源有限，执法机构想要 有效的执法策略类型的指导。这项发展研究将提供 向执法机构提供指导，以减少酒精的执法策略 驾驶受损。这项研究的结果还将直接告知假设未来干预和其他 纵向研究。