Assessing How Local-Level Law Enforcement Strategies, Both Specific and in the Aggregate, Influence Binge Drinking and Alcohol-Impaired Driving in Communities Across the U.S.

评估地方执法策略（具体的和总体的）如何影响美国各地社区的酗酒和酒后驾驶

• 批准号: 9386447
• 负责人: TRACI L TOOMEY
• 金额: $ 18.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9386447
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Cessation of life; Cities; Communities; Community Services; County; Data; Data Set; Development; Drunk driving; Effectiveness; Frequencies; Future; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Injury; Intervention; Law Enforcement; Laws; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; NIH Program Announcements; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Police; Policies; Prevention; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Resources; Restaurants; Risk; Sales; Services; Source; Sum; Surveys; System; Time; Work; alcohol epidemiology; alcohol involvement; alcohol services; authority; binge drinking; driving behavior; epidemiologic data; financial incentive; impaired driving performance; indexing; innovation; legal BAC limit; metropolitan; prevent; secondary analysis; trend

Project Abstract Approximately one-third of fatal crashes involve alcohol use. We need to identify effective strategies to further reduce deaths and injuries resulting from alcohol-impaired driving. Our proposed study focuses on community-level enforcement strategies targeting the prevention of over service of alcohol and alcohol impaired driving. Over service of alcohol is very prevalent and contributes to binge drinking and alcohol- impaired driving. Effective strategies for addressing this problem have not been identified. We will assess enforcement strategies targeting over service of alcohol that community-level law enforcement agencies (i.e., city police, county sheriffs) report using but have not been previously evaluated for their effectiveness. We will assess the association between enforcement strategies, both specific and in combination, and two types of outcomes—binge drinking and impaired driving. Binge drinking directly affects alcohol-impaired driving. We will also assess the association between alcohol impaired driving enforcement strategies, specific and in combination, and these outcome measures. Although alcohol-impaired driving enforcement measures have been evaluated as individual strategies, they have not been as well evaluated when used in combination. Community-level enforcement is important to evaluate given that the majority of community-level enforcement agencies have the authority to enforce over service of alcohol and alcohol impaired driving. Use of law enforcement strategies varies in communities across the U.S. We will address the following aims: Aim 1: evaluate the associations of specific community-level over service and alcohol-impaired driving enforcement strategies with binge drinking and alcohol-impaired driving outcomes, and Aim 2: evaluate the associations of combinations of over service and alcohol-impaired driving enforcement strategies with binge drinking and alcohol-impaired driving outcomes. To address these aims, we will create and use an innovative dataset using secondary data. We will combine community-level law enforcement data from a previous study with measures of binge drinking and alcohol-impaired driving available from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), which provides county-level data through the Selected Metropolitan/Micropolitan Area Risk Trends (SMART) Project. We will also use alcohol-related crash measures for these communities available from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). Given their limited resources, law enforcement agencies want guidance on the types of enforcement strategies that are effective. This developmental study will provide guidance to law enforcement agencies about which enforcement strategies are promising for reducing alcohol- impaired driving. Results of this study will also directly inform hypotheses for future intervention and other longitudinal studies.

项目摘要 大约三分之一的致命车祸涉及酒精使用。我们需要确定有效的战略， 进一步减少酒后驾车造成的伤亡。我们的研究重点是 社区一级的执法战略，旨在防止过度饮酒和酗酒 驾驶障碍。过度饮酒是非常普遍的，并有助于酗酒和酒精- 驾驶障碍。尚未确定解决这一问题的有效战略。我们将评估 针对社区一级执法机构（即， 市警察局、县治安官）报告使用了它们，但以前没有对其有效性进行评估。我们将 评估具体的和组合的执行策略与两种类型的执行策略之间的关联 结果-酗酒和驾驶障碍。酗酒直接影响酒精受损的驾驶。我们将 还评估酒精受损驾驶执法策略，具体和 组合，以及这些结果测量。虽然酒精损害驾驶的执法措施， 虽然这些战略被作为单独的战略进行了评估，但当它们组合使用时，却没有得到很好的评估。 社区一级的执法工作必须加以评价，因为大多数社区一级的执法工作 各机构有权强制执行超过服务的酒精和酒精损害驾驶。运用法律 美国各地社区的执法策略各不相同。我们将实现以下目标：目标1： 评估特定社区级别的过度服务和酒精受损驾驶执法的关联 策略与酗酒和酒精受损的驾驶结果，以及目标2：评估 过度服务和酒精受损驾驶执法策略与酗酒的组合， 酒精损害驾驶结果。为了实现这些目标，我们将创建和使用一个创新的数据集， 次要数据我们将联合收割机从以前的研究中获得的社区一级执法数据与措施相结合， 行为风险因素监测系统提供的酗酒和酒精受损驾驶的数据 （BRFSS），通过选定的大都市/小都市地区风险趋势提供县级数据 （SMART）项目。我们还将对这些社区使用与酒精相关的应急措施，可从 死亡分析报告系统（法尔斯）。鉴于资源有限，执法机构希望 就有效的执法战略类型提供指导。这项研究将提供 向执法机构提供关于哪些执法战略有望减少酒精的指导， 驾驶障碍。这项研究的结果也将直接为未来的干预和其他假设提供信息。 纵向研究。