Anthraquinone evolution in lichenised fungi

地衣真菌中蒽醌的进化

• 批准号: 2283458
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2283458
• 关键词: Anthraquinone; evolution; lichenised; fungi

"Lichenised fungi living in deserts and high-altitude regions face a challenge from intense UV light, which is known to cause DNA damage. Recently, we have shown that the order Teloschistales (Ascomycota), a group of >1,000 species, underwent an adaptive radiation _100 Mya, with one of the four families within this order, Teloschistaceae, experiencing an increase in diversification rates associated with a switch from bark to rock and from shady to sun-exposed habitats. Our hypothesis is that the adaptation to sunny habitats is likely to have been enabled by a contemporaneous key novel phenotypic innovation: the production of anthraquinones, secondary metabolites known to protect against UV light. Hence, two ecological factors (sun exposure and rock substrate) and the phenotypic innovation (anthraquinones) seem likely to be responsible for the success of the Teloschistaceae, one of the larges lichen-forming fungal lineages.Objectives: i) To reconstruct a genome-level phylogeny for the Teloschistales and sister clades to test whether current taxa are monophyletic and reflect evolutionary processes such as changes in branching/speciation rates; ii) Annotate secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters to test whether the novel phenotypic innovation of anthraquinone biosynthesis is related to the evolution of new gene clusters; iii) Test which factors control metabolome variation in the Teloschistales e.g. phylogeny, climatic conditions (especially solar radiation levels and aridity), substrate preference and geographical distribution factors; iv) Carry out a chemogenomic assay of anthraquinones from the Teloschistales to determine their antifungal mode of action; v) Use information on their antifungal mode of action to inform how differences between Teloschistales and sister clades explain natural resistance to anthraquinones; vi) Describe the diversity of Teloschistales lichen microbiomes and functional annotate their genomes to test whether they are distinct from other lichen families and if they are metabolically active."

“生活在沙漠和高海拔地区的地衣真菌面临着强烈紫外线的挑战，众所周知，紫外线会导致DNA损伤。最近，我们已经表明，该命令Teloschistales（子囊菌），一组>1,000种，经历了适应性辐射_100 Mya，其中四个家庭在这个命令，Teloschistaceae，经历了增加的多样化率与开关从树皮到岩石和从阴凉到阳光照射的栖息地。我们的假设是，对阳光充足的栖息地的适应很可能是由一个同期的关键新的表型创新：蒽醌，已知以防止紫外线的次级代谢产物的生产。因此，两个生态因素（阳光照射和岩石基质）和表型创新目的：（1）重建一个基因组水平的端裂目及其姐妹分支的系统发育关系，以检验当前的分类群是否是单系的，并反映进化过程，如分支/物种形成率的变化; ii）注释次级代谢物生物合成基因簇以测试蒽醌生物合成的新表型创新是否与新基因簇的进化有关; iii）测试哪些因素控制端裂目中的代谢组变异，例如，植物发生、气候条件（特别是太阳辐射水平和干燥度）、基质偏好和地理分布因素; iv）对来自Teloschistales的蒽醌进行化学基因组学分析，以确定其抗真菌作用模式; v）使用关于其抗真菌作用模式的信息，以告知Teloschistales和姐妹分支之间的差异如何解释对蒽醌的天然抗性; vi）描述Teloschistales地衣微生物组的多样性，并对其基因组进行功能注释，以测试它们是否与其他地衣家族不同，以及它们是否具有代谢活性。"

项目成果

Metagenomics Shines Light on the Evolution of "Sunscreen" Pigment Metabolism in the Teloschistales (Lichen-Forming Ascomycota).

• DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evad002
• 发表时间: 2023-02-03
• 期刊: GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Llewellyn, Theo;Nowell, Reuben W.;Aptroot, Andre;Temina, Marina;Prescott, Thomas A. K.;Barraclough, Timothy G.;Gaya, Ester
• 通讯作者: Gaya, Ester