Neural development of lexical processing

词汇处理的神经发育

• 批准号: 6729018
• 负责人: James R Booth
• 金额: $ 27.55万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6729018
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; child (0-11); clinical research; cognition; developmental neurobiology; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; neuropsychology; phonology; reading; speech; spelling

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to examine developmental and individual differences in the neural substrate for lexical processing in normal children (7-15 year olds) using fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging). We propose to examine these differences with lexical tasks designed to tap into intra-modal processing (auditory rhyming and visual spelling tasks), conversion between orthography and phonology during crossmodal processing (auditory spelling and visual rhyming tasks) and modal word comprehension (auditory and visual meaning tasks). This proposal has three specific aims. First, we will use a combination of a cross-sectional and longitudinal design in order to measure developmental changes in lexical processing across a wide age range in a relatively short amount of time. We expect that development will produce increased activation in unimodal areas consistent with the modality of input and decreased activation in posterior heteromodal areas. Second, we will examine whether the correlation between brain activation and individual differences in skill depends on developmental level. We expect that behavior will correlate with the cognitive components required by the lexical task for older children, but will weakly correlate with posterior heteromodal activation for younger children. Third, we will examine developmental differences in the overlap in activation between auditory and visual modalities of input and between the spelling, rhyming and meaning tasks. We expect that younger children will show more overlap in activation than older children between moralities and between tasks. These specific aims also incorporate parametric manipulations and a simple versus complex baseline for each lexical task, so that we can more clearly relate differences in activation during tasks to either developmental or skill differences in lexical processing. Because few fMRI studies have directly examined developmental or individual differences in lexical processing, this project on a normative population will have implications for future studies on the neural basis of reading and language impairments in children.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目标是使用 fMRI（功能性磁共振成像）检查正常儿童（7-15 岁）词汇处理神经基质的发育和个体差异。我们建议通过旨在利用模态内处理（听觉押韵和视觉拼写任务）、跨模态处理期间正字法和音系之间的转换（听觉拼写和视觉押韵任务）和模态单词理解（听觉和视觉意义任务）的词汇任务来检查这些差异。该提案具有三个具体目标。首先，我们将结合横截面和纵向设计来测量在相对较短的时间内跨广泛年龄范围的词汇处理的发展变化。我们预计，发展将在与输入方式一致的单峰区域中产生增加的激活，并在后异峰区域中产生减少的激活。其次，我们将研究大脑激活与个体技能差异之间的相关性是否取决于发育水平。我们预计，对于年龄较大的儿童，行为将与词汇任务所需的认知成分相关，但对于年龄较小的儿童，行为与后异模态激活的相关性较弱。第三，我们将研究听觉和视觉输入方式之间以及拼写、押韵和意义任务之间激活重叠的发展差异。我们预计，年龄较小的孩子在道德和任务之间的激活方面会比年龄较大的孩子有更多的重叠。这些具体目标还包含参数操作以及每个词汇任务的简单与复杂基线，以便我们可以更清楚地将任务期间激活的差异与词汇处理中的发展或技能差异联系起来。由于很少有功能磁共振成像研究直接检查词汇处理的发育或个体差异，因此这个针对规范人群的项目将对未来关于儿童阅读和语言障碍的神经基础的研究产生影响。