An ethnobotanical approach to the revitalisation of Andean foodways

振兴安第斯饮食方式的民族植物学方法

• 批准号: 2290042
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Kent
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2290042
• 关键词: ethnobotanical; approach; revitalisation; Andean; foodways

I will investigate the idea that - by strengthening the mechanisms that favour the sustainability ofbiocultural systems - processes of 'revitalisation' can improve resilience to socio-ecological challengessuch as climate change impacts, food insecurity, the loss of biodiversity and the deterioration oftraditional cultural knowledge. This will be substantiated by a case study of the so-called 'Peruvian foodrevolution' which, through its revival of traditional foodways, is reported to be reshaping Andeanlivelihoods and landscapes. The concept of revitalisation, originally proposed by Wallace (1956),describes the process by which a contemporary society may be consciously transformed to meet socialand environmental challenges, through the reuptake and reshaping of traditional ideas and lifeways. Thisprocess involves remembering and reimagining the past, and as such is as much a cultural process - withimplications for local identity - as an economic or ecological one.Specifically, I will ask, to what extent is the shift by high-end chefs in Peru towards using traditional cropsand native wild plants strengthening the mechanisms that favour sustainability and resilience at the levelof local communities? In doing so, I will assess whether or not this culinary movement can be explained asa revitalisation process, and what the merits or limits of framing it as such might be. Furthermore, I willseek to refine the concept of revitalisation and distill its practical implications for sustainabledevelopment projects. In aiming to meet the challenge of sustainable development - that is, achievingthe long-term attunement of society's development trajectory with the planet's environmental limits -science and technology must focus on the dynamic interactions between environment and society.Specifically, equal attention must be given to understanding how cultural change shapes theenvironment and how environmental change shapes culture. Given its focus on interdependenciesbetween people and plants, I will take an ethnobotanical approach to answering these researchquestions.During a period of extended fieldwork, I will use participant observation, semi-structured interviews(SSIs) and focus groups with farmers, foragers, chefs and restaurant clientele to gather both qualitativeand quantitative primary data regarding the biological and cultural facets of traditional crops and nativeplants undergoing revitalisation in Peru. This will be enriched by and triangulated with secondary data,gleaned through reviews of published and grey literature, and other datasets existing online andelsewhere.Throughout the duration of my research I will work proactively towards promoting sustainability,conservation and collaboration. I am confident that - through collecting and preserving plant geneticmaterial; documenting ethnobotanical knowledge and exploring ways in which it can be shared,maintained and revitalised; and by cultivating interdisciplinary and intercultural links - its impacts willstretch beyond my time in the field.

我将研究这样一种观点：通过加强有利于生物文化系统可持续性的机制，“振兴”过程可以提高对社会生态挑战（如气候变化影响、粮食不安全、生物多样性丧失和传统文化知识退化）的适应能力。这将通过所谓的“秘鲁食物革命”的案例研究得到证实，该研究通过其传统食物方式的复兴，据报道正在重塑安第斯山脉的生计和景观。复兴的概念最初是由华莱士（1956）提出的，它描述了通过重新吸收和重塑传统观念和生活方式，一个当代社会可能有意识地转变以应对社会和环境挑战的过程。这个过程包括对过去的记忆和重新想象，因此它既是一个文化过程，也是一个经济或生态过程，也包含着对当地身份的影响。具体来说，我想问的是，秘鲁的高端厨师转向使用传统作物和本地野生植物，在多大程度上加强了有利于当地社区可持续性和复原力的机制？在此过程中，我将评估这种烹饪运动是否可以被解释为一种复兴过程，以及将其定义为复兴过程的优点或局限性。此外，我将努力完善活化的概念，提炼其对可持续发展项目的实际影响。为了迎接可持续发展的挑战- -即实现社会发展轨迹与地球环境极限的长期协调- -科学和技术必须集中注意环境与社会之间的动态相互作用。具体来说，必须同等重视文化变化如何塑造环境和环境变化如何塑造文化。鉴于它的重点是人与植物之间的相互依赖性，我将采取民族植物学的方法来回答这些研究问题。在扩展的田野调查期间，我将采用参与式观察、半结构化访谈（ssi）和与农民、采集者、厨师和餐馆客户的焦点小组，收集关于秘鲁正在复兴的传统作物和本土植物的生物和文化方面的定性和定量的原始数据。这将通过对已发表文献和灰色文献的评论以及在线和其他地方现有的其他数据集收集的二手数据来丰富和三角化。在我的研究期间，我将积极致力于促进可持续性，保护和合作。我相信，通过收集和保存植物遗传物质；记录民族植物学知识，探索分享、维护和振兴这些知识的途径；通过培养跨学科和跨文化的联系，它的影响将超越我在这个领域的时间。