Psychosexual Differentiation: Biology and Socialization

描述（由申请人提供）：该网络的目标是将从事与性别分化心理方面相关领域工作的基础和临床科学家聚集在一起，建立对该主题的综合和跨学科理解，重点关注正常发育过程和发育问题。这也将导致对与性心理分化变异相关的心理问题的复杂起源的理解，包括那些在患有双性人障碍的儿童和青少年以及那些有非典型性行为的儿童和青少年中常见的心理问题，并最终针对这些人群进行循证治疗。其目的是：(1)加强几个领域研究之间的概念和经验联系；(a)身体和行为上的性别差异；(b)性心理分化与精神病理的关系；儿童、家庭和同伴对患有产前风险因素或慢性健康状况的儿童和青少年心理健康和疾病发展的影响；(2)制定合作研究计划，旨在描述(a)基因、产前性激素和产后社会经验共同促进性心理分化发展的过程；(b)性心理分化轨迹影响整体心理发展的方式；具有双性人状况或性非典型行为的儿童和青少年的心理健康受到非性别类型的身体和社会特征的影响的方式；(d)发展或完善动物范式，以解释正常和非规范性别类型行为背后的生物和社会过程。网络活动包括全面和有针对性的小组会议，电子协作，实验室之间的访问，试点项目的开发和实施，以及协作多站点拨款申请的开发。这15名网络成员代表了从分子到行为层面的专家，包括啮齿动物、猴子和人类儿童、青少年和成年人：Sheri Berenbaum （PI）、David Sandberg、Adrian Angold、Dennis Drotar、Rina Das Eiden、Erica Eugster、Barry Kogan、Mary Lee、Peter Lee、Carol Martin、Cindy Meston、Emile Rissman、Sally Shaywitz、Eric Vilain和Kim Wallen。参与具体问题讨论的顾问包括Robert Blizzard、Norman Fost、David Page、John McArdle、Ora Pescovitz和Susan Resnick。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this network is to bring together basic and clinical scientists conducting work in areas relevant to psychological aspects of sexual differentiation, to build an integrated and interdisciplinary understanding of the topic, focusing on both normal developmental processes and developmental problems. This should also lead to an understanding of the complex origins of the psychological problems associated with variations in psychosexual differentiation, including those common in children and adolescents with intersex disorders and those with sex-atypical behavior, and ultimately to evidence-based treatments specific to these populations. The aims are to (1) strengthen conceptual and empirical linkages among research in several areas: (a) physical and behavioral sexual differentiation; (b) relation of psychosexual differentiation to psychopathology; (c) child, family, and peer influences on the development of mental health and illness in children and adolescents with prenatal risk factors or chronic health conditions; (2) develop collaborative research programs designed to describe (a) processes through which genes, prenatal sex hormones, and postnatal social experiences jointly contribute to the development of psychosexual differentiation; (b) ways in which trajectories of psychosexual differentiation affect overall psychological development; (c) ways in which mental health of children and adolescents with intersex conditions or sex-atypical behavior is influenced by non-sex-typed physical and social characteristics; and to (d) develop or refine animal paradigms to explain biological and social processes underlying normal and nonnormative sex-typed behaviors. Network activities include full and targeted subgroup meetings, electronic collaboration, visits between labs, development and implementation of pilot projects, and development of collaborative multi-site grant applications. The 15 network members represent expertise from molecular through behavioral levels, with rodent, monkey, and human child, adolescent, and adult populations: Sheri Berenbaum (PI), David Sandberg, Adrian Angold, Dennis Drotar, Rina Das Eiden, Erica Eugster, Barry Kogan, Mary Lee, Peter Lee, Carol Martin, Cindy Meston, Emile Rissman, Sally Shaywitz, Eric Vilain, and Kim Wallen. Consultants participating in discussion of specific issues include Robert Blizzard, Norman Fost, David Page, John McArdle, Ora Pescovitz, and Susan Resnick.